H2778 חָרַף châraph → Root
4 languagesRoot of the ח־ר־ף châraph family (1 member).
To reproach, insult, or scorn; to treat or speak of with contempt. In specific contexts, to taunt or challenge (often used of defiant speech against a person or deity). Less commonly, to expose (literally or metaphorically), or to spend the winter (only as a denominative verb from the noun for 'winter'). The core sense involves actions or words that shame, dishonor, or denigrate.
Etymology
Root: חרף. The root primarily conveys the idea of sharpness or pointedness, which developed semantically to include 'taunt,' 'reproach,' or 'insult' (acts or words akin to sharp attacks). The denominative verb form derives from the noun חֹרֶף (winter), meaning 'to spend the winter.' The etymological connection is sometimes debated, as the derived senses appear distinct in usage.
Reflexes · not yet grouped by proto-form
| Language | Word | Meaning | Segmentation | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kamba | kwiĩkaripia | to scold, rebuke | -karip- | |
| Kikuyu | gũkarĩkia | to scold, to rebuke | -karip- / -karik- | |
| Swahili | karipia | to rebuke, scold, reprove | -karip- | |
| Zigula (Chizigula) | kulipia | to rebuke, reprimand | -karip- |