בָּ/א֖וֹב
𐤁/𐤀𐤅𐤁
baov
a medium
from the same as אָב (apparently through the idea of prattling a father's name); properly, a mumble, i.e. a water skin (from its hollow sound); hence a necromancer (ventriloquist, as from a jar); bottle, familiar spirit.
1 Chronicles 10:13 · Word #15
Lexicon H178
| Lemma | אוֹב |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤀𐤅𐤁 |
| Transliteration | ʼôwb |
| Strong's | H178 |
| In-context | a medium |
Morphology HRd/Ncmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
SIBI-P1 H178-01
in the hollow-spirit-medium
| Root | אוב (ʾ-w-b) |
| Core Meanings | hollowness, muttering sound, spirit-medium, necromantic channel |
| Semantic Range | a hollow vessel (skin-bottle); a necromancer; a spirit-medium; the conjured spirit itself; ritual consultation of the dead |
| Conceptual Significance | אוֹב is associated with forbidden necromantic practices in Israel’s law. It represents illicit attempts to access hidden knowledge through the dead, contrasting with sanctioned prophetic revelation from יהוה. |
| Morphological Notes | Masculine singular noun (absolute) אוֹב with prefixed preposition בְּ and assimilated definite article (בָּאוֹב = "in the ʾôb"). |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun אוֹב is masculine singular, and the prefixed בָּ־ reflects the preposition "in" with the definite article ("in the"). The rendering "hollow-spirit-medium" preserves the root sense of a hollow, murmuring sound (like a skin-bottle or ventriloquized voice) while conveying its established meaning as a necromantic medium. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root אוב (hollowness, muttering sound, spirit-medium, necromantic channel)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H88-01 |
beovot | at Waterskins |
H178-02 |
haovot | the spirit-mediums |
H178-03 |
keov | like a hollow-voiced spirit-medium |
Word Usage (17 occurrences of H178)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leviticus 19:31 | הָ/אֹבֹת֙ | haovot | the mediums |
| Leviticus 20:6 | הָֽ/אֹבֹת֙ | haovot | the mediums |
| Leviticus 20:27 | א֛וֹב | ov | a medium |