וְ/עַד
𐤅/𐤏𐤃
ʻad
even to
A preposition or conjunction indicating extension in space ('as far as,' 'up to,' 'toward'), time ('until,' 'during,' 'as long as'), or degree ('to the degree of,' 'as much as'). It introduces limits, boundaries, or durations—whether spatial, temporal, or quantitative—either inclusively or exclusively depending on context. Often used in temporal clauses to indicate an endpoint, in spatial clauses to set a boundary, or in comparative statements to express extent.
1 Samuel 18:4 · Word #10
Lexicon H5704
| Lemma | עַד |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤏𐤃 |
| Transliteration | ʻad |
| Strong's | H5704 |
| Definition | A preposition or conjunction indicating extension in space ('as far as,' 'up to,' 'toward'), time ('until,' 'during,' 'as long as'), or degree ('to the degree of,' 'as much as'). It introduces limits, boundaries, or durations—whether spatial, temporal, or quantitative—either inclusively or exclusively depending on context. Often used in temporal clauses to indicate an endpoint, in spatial clauses to set a boundary, or in comparative statements to express extent. |
Morphology HC/R
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | R — Preposition — Shows relationship between words |
Common Translation
| Phrase | even to |
SIBI-P1 Translation H5704-11
and up to
| Morphological Notes | Conjunction וְ + preposition עַד; inseparable prefixed conjunction attached to a boundary-marking preposition. |
| Rendering Rationale | The root עד conveys continuation or extension reaching a boundary. As a preposition meaning "up to/until," with prefixed conjunction וְ ("and"), the form is faithfully rendered "and up to," preserving both the conjunctive prefix and the boundary-marking sense. |
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