אֱד֜וֹם
𐤀𐤃𐤅𐤌
edom
Edom
or (fully) אֱדוֹם ; from אָדֹם; red (see Genesis 25:25); Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him; Edom, Edomites, Idumea.
H123
2 Chronicles 21:10 · Word #2
Lexicon H123
| Lemma | אֱדֹם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤀𐤃𐤌 |
| Transliteration | ʼĔdôm |
| Strong's | H123 |
| In-context | Edom |
Morphology HNp
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | p — Proper Name — Proper name |
SIBI-P1 H123-02
Red-One (Edom)
| Root | אדם (ʾ-d-m) |
| Core Meanings | redness, ruddy color, redness of skin or earth |
| Semantic Range | Esau the individual; the nation descended from him; the land of Edom (Idumea); by extension, the Edomite people collectively. |
| Conceptual Significance | Edom represents Israel’s brother-nation, descending from Esau, Jacob’s twin. The name memorializes Esau’s ruddy appearance and the red stew episode (Genesis 25:25, 30), and it becomes a theological symbol of kinship, rivalry, and later hostility between related peoples. |
| Morphological Notes | Proper noun, masculine singular (HNp). Used for Esau, his descendants (the Edomites), and the territory they inhabited. |
| Rendering Rationale | The name אֱדֹם derives from the root אדם meaning "red" or "ruddy." As a proper masculine singular noun (HNp), it refers to a specific individual and his descendant nation; "Red-One" preserves the root sense while marking it as a singular proper name, traditionally known as Edom. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root אדם (redness, ruddy color, redness of skin or earth)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H120-01 |
adam | the earthling |
H127-01 |
adamah | red-soil |
H125-01 |
adamedam | reddish (masculine singular) |
H125-02 |
adamedemet | reddish (feminine singular) |
H127-02 |
adamot | red-earth soils |
H126-01 |
ademah | Earth-Place (Admah) |
H127-03 |
ademat | soil of |
H127-04 |
adematah | her red-soil |
H127-05 |
adematam | their soil-ground |
H127-06 |
adematekha | your soil-ground |
H127-07 |
adematekhem | your soil-ground |
H127-08 |
adematenu | our soil-ground |
H127-09 |
ademati | my soil-ground |
H127-10 |
ademato | his soil-ground |
H132-01 |
ademoni | ruddy (man) |
H122-01 |
adom | red-hued |
H130-01 |
adomim | Red-ones (Edomite men) |
H122-02 |
adumah | reddened (feminine singular) |
H122-03 |
adumim | red ones |
H120-02 |
baadam | in the human-being |
H127-11 |
baadamah | in the red-soil ground |
H120-03 |
beadam | in humankind |
H123-01 |
beedom | in Red (Edom) |
H120-04 |
haadam | the human |
H127-12 |
haadamah | the red-soil ground |
H122-04 |
haadom | the red one |
H130-02 |
haadomi | the Red-Edomite (masculine singular) |
H120-05 |
keadam | like Adam |
H126-02 |
kheademah | like ʾAdmah (Earth-town) |
H120-06 |
laadam | to the earthling |
H127-13 |
laadamah | to the red-soil |
H120-07 |
leadam | to a human |
H127-14 |
leademat | to the red-soil-of |
H127-15 |
leademato | to his soil-ground |
H123-03 |
leedom | to Red-One (Edom) |
H120-08 |
lemeadam | from a human |
H120-09 |
meadam | from a human (earthling) |
H119-01 |
meadamim | reddened ones |
H123-04 |
meedom | from Red-Edom |
H124-01 |
odem | a redness-gem |
H120-10 |
uleadam | and for a human (earthling) |
H127-16 |
umeadamah | and from the red-soil |
H120-11 |
uvaadam | and in the human |
H120-12 |
uveadam | but by a human (earthling) |
H123-05 |
uveedom | and in Red-Edom |
H127-17 |
vaadamah | and red-soil |
H129-01 |
vaadami | and Earthy-Place |
H120-13 |
veadam | and a human |
H127-18 |
veadematekha | and your soil-ground |
H127-19 |
veadematenu | and our soil-ground |
H123-06 |
veedom | and Red-one (Edom) |
H120-14 |
vehaadam | and the earthling-man |
H127-20 |
vehaadamah | and the red-soil |
H119-02 |
yaedimu | they cause to redden |
Word Usage (100 occurrences of H123)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 25:30 | אֱדֽוֹם | edom | Edom |
| Genesis 32:4 | אֱדֽוֹם | edom | Edom |
| Genesis 36:1 | אֱדֽוֹם | edom | Edom |