אֱד֔וֹם
𐤀𐤃𐤅𐤌
edom
Edom
or (fully) אֱדוֹם ; from אָדֹם; red (see Genesis 25:25); Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region (Idumaea) occupied by him; Edom, Edomites, Idumea.
2 Chronicles 25:19 · Word #5
Lexicon H123
| Lemma | אֱדֹם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤀𐤃𐤌 |
| Transliteration | ʼĔdôm |
| Strong's | H123 |
| In-context | Edom |
Morphology HNp
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | p — Proper Name — Proper name |
SIBI-P1 H123-03
Red-One (Edom)
| Root | אדם (ʾ-d-m) |
| Core Meanings | redness, ruddy color, redness of skin or earth |
| Semantic Range | Esau the individual; the nation descended from him; the land of Edom (Idumea); by extension, the Edomite people collectively. |
| Conceptual Significance | Edom represents Israel’s brother-nation, descending from Esau, Jacob’s twin. The name memorializes Esau’s ruddy appearance and the red stew episode (Genesis 25:25, 30), and it becomes a theological symbol of kinship, rivalry, and later hostility between related peoples. |
| Morphological Notes | Proper noun, masculine singular (HNp). Used for Esau, his descendants (the Edomites), and the territory they inhabited. |
| Rendering Rationale | The name אֱדֹם derives from the root אדם meaning "red" or "ruddy." As a proper masculine singular noun (HNp), it refers to a specific individual and his descendant nation; "Red-One" preserves the root sense while marking it as a singular proper name, traditionally known as Edom. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root אדם (redness, ruddy color, redness of skin or earth)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H120-01 |
adam | the human (אָדָם) / Adam |
H120-02 |
adam | the earthling |
H127-01 |
adamah | red-soil |
Word Usage (100 occurrences of H123)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 25:30 | אֱדֽוֹם | edom | Edom |
| Genesis 32:4 | אֱדֽוֹם | edom | Edom |
| Genesis 36:1 | אֱדֽוֹם | edom | Edom |