שָׁמְר֤וּ
𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅
shameru
have kept
a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.; beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
2 Chronicles 34:21 · Word #25
Lexicon H8104
| Lemma | שָׁמַר |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤌𐤓 |
| Transliteration | shâmar |
| Strong's | H8104 |
| In-context | have kept |
Morphology HVqp3cp
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | p — Perfect — Completed action |
| Person | 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they") |
| Gender | c — Common — Common (both genders) |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
SIBI-P1 H8104-34
they guarded
| Root | שמר (sh-m-r) |
| Core Meanings | guarding, watching, protecting, preserving, attending carefully |
| Semantic Range | to guard, watch over, keep, observe, preserve, heed, maintain, comply with, keep watch |
| Conceptual Significance | שׁמר expresses covenantal responsibility—guarding commandments, watching over sacred trusts, or protecting what is entrusted. It often conveys faithful attentiveness to YHWH’s instructions, linking obedience with vigilant care. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Qal stem (simple active), perfect aspect, 3rd person common plural. Indicates a completed action carried out by "they" (masculine or mixed group). |
| Rendering Rationale | The Qal perfect 3rd common plural form denotes a completed action performed by a plural subject, hence "they guarded." The rendering preserves the root sense of vigilant protection and careful watching inherent in שׁמר, rather than the more generalized "kept." |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root שמר (guarding, watching, protecting, preserving, attending carefully)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H4929-01 |
bamishemar | in the guarding-watch |
H8104-01 |
beshameram | in guarding them |
H8104-02 |
bishemor | in guarding |
H4929-03 |
hamishemar | the guarding-watch |
H8117-01 |
hashimeroni | the Watch-descendant |
H4931-04 |
lemishemarot | for the guard-duties |
H8104-14 |
leshameram | to guard them |
H8104-15 |
leshamero | to guard him |
H8111-02 |
leshomeron | to Watch-Station |
H8104-17 |
lishemarekha | to guard and keep watch over you (masculine singular) |
H4929-04 |
mishemar | a guarding-charge |
H4931-06 |
mishemareti | my keeping-charge |
H4931-09 |
mishemeret | guard-duty of |
H4931-10 |
mishemerotam | their guard-duties |
H8104-21 |
mishomerim | from the guarding men |
H8111-03 |
mishomeron | from Watch-Place |
H8104-22 |
nishemar | he was hedged-about (guarded) |
H8104-23 |
nishemaru | they have been guarded |
H8104-27 |
shamarenu | we have guarded |
H8104-30 |
shamaru | they guarded |
H8106-01 |
shamer | Guardian (masculine personal name) |
H8104-32 |
shamerem | Guard them! |
H8104-33 |
shamereni | Guard me! |
H8068-01 |
shamir | a pricking-thorn |
H8104-35 |
shamor | Guard! |
H8106-02 |
shemer | Shemer (Guarder) |
H8104-40 |
shemor | Guard! |
H8110-01 |
shimeron | Shimron (Guarding-Place) |
H8107-01 |
shimurim | guardings |
H8053-01 |
shmvr | I will guard |
H8111-04 |
shomeron | Watch-Place |
H8111-05 |
shomeronah | toward Watch-Station |
H8104-48 |
tishameru | you (masculine plural) shall guard yourselves |
H8104-49 |
tishemar | you will guard closely |
H8104-52 |
tishemeru | you (plural) shall guard |
H8104-54 |
tishemor | you guard |
H8104-55 |
tishemoru | you men shall guard |
H8104-56 |
tishemurem | she will guard them |
H8104-58 |
uleshomerey | and to the guardians of |
H4931-11 |
umishemaretam | and their guarding-charge |
|
ushemareyahu | and Yah-Has-Guarded |
H8104-65 |
ushemor | and guard! |
H8104-66 |
ushemurah | and she guarded |
H8104-70 |
vatishemar | and you guarded |
H8104-76 |
veeshemerenah | and I will hedge-guard her |
H8104-77 |
velishemor | and to guard/watch over |
H8104-78 |
venishemar | and he kept himself guarded |
H8104-81 |
veshamar | and he guarded |
H8104-82 |
veshamareta | and you shall guard |
H8104-84 |
veshameru | and they shall guard |
H8110-02 |
veshimeron | and Shimron (Guarded-Place) |
H8104-88 |
vetishemerekha | and she will hedge-guard you |
H8104-91 |
veyishemerekha | and may he hedge-guard you |
H8104-94 |
yishemar | he will guard |
H8104-96 |
yishemerehu | he will guard him |
H8104-98 |
yishemerenu | he will keep-watch over him |
H8104-99 |
yishemeru | they will guard |
H8104-101 |
yishemoru | they will guard |
Word Usage (469 occurrences of H8104)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 2:15 | וּ/לְ/שָׁמְרָֽ/הּ | uleshamerah | and to keep it |
| Genesis 3:24 | לִ/שְׁמֹ֕ר | lishemor | to guard |
| Genesis 4:9 | הֲ/שֹׁמֵ֥ר | hashomer | keeper |