שָׁמְר֤וּ

𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅

shameru

have kept

a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.; beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).

H8104

2 Chronicles 34:21 · Word #25

Lexicon H8104

Lemmaשָׁמַר
Lemma (Paleo)𐤔𐤌𐤓
Transliterationshâmar
Strong'sH8104
In-contexthave kept

Morphology HVqp3cp All morphology codes

Part of Speech V — Verb — An action or state
Binyan q — Qal — Simple active
Conjugation p — Perfect — Completed action
Person 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they")
Gender c — Common — Common (both genders)
Number p — Plural — Plural

SIBI-P1 H8104-34

they guarded

Rootשמר (sh-m-r)
Core Meaningsguarding, watching, protecting, preserving, attending carefully
Semantic Rangeto guard, watch over, keep, observe, preserve, heed, maintain, comply with, keep watch
Conceptual Significanceשׁמר expresses covenantal responsibility—guarding commandments, watching over sacred trusts, or protecting what is entrusted. It often conveys faithful attentiveness to YHWH’s instructions, linking obedience with vigilant care.
Morphological NotesVerb, Qal stem (simple active), perfect aspect, 3rd person common plural. Indicates a completed action carried out by "they" (masculine or mixed group).
Rendering RationaleThe Qal perfect 3rd common plural form denotes a completed action performed by a plural subject, hence "they guarded." The rendering preserves the root sense of vigilant protection and careful watching inherent in שׁמר, rather than the more generalized "kept."

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root שמר (guarding, watching, protecting, preserving, attending carefully)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
H4929-01 bamishemar in the guarding-watch
H8104-01 beshameram in guarding them
H8104-02 bishemor in guarding
H4929-03 hamishemar the guarding-watch
H8117-01 hashimeroni the Watch-descendant
H4931-04 lemishemarot for the guard-duties
H8104-14 leshameram to guard them
H8104-15 leshamero to guard him
H8111-02 leshomeron to Watch-Station
H8104-17 lishemarekha to guard and keep watch over you (masculine singular)
H4929-04 mishemar a guarding-charge
H4931-06 mishemareti my keeping-charge
H4931-09 mishemeret guard-duty of
H4931-10 mishemerotam their guard-duties
H8104-21 mishomerim from the guarding men
H8111-03 mishomeron from Watch-Place
H8104-22 nishemar he was hedged-about (guarded)
H8104-23 nishemaru they have been guarded
H8104-27 shamarenu we have guarded
H8104-30 shamaru they guarded
H8106-01 shamer Guardian (masculine personal name)
H8104-32 shamerem Guard them!
H8104-33 shamereni Guard me!
H8068-01 shamir a pricking-thorn
H8104-35 shamor Guard!
H8106-02 shemer Shemer (Guarder)
H8104-40 shemor Guard!
H8110-01 shimeron Shimron (Guarding-Place)
H8107-01 shimurim guardings
H8053-01 shmvr I will guard
H8111-04 shomeron Watch-Place
H8111-05 shomeronah toward Watch-Station
H8104-48 tishameru you (masculine plural) shall guard yourselves
H8104-49 tishemar you will guard closely
H8104-52 tishemeru you (plural) shall guard
H8104-54 tishemor you guard
H8104-55 tishemoru you men shall guard
H8104-56 tishemurem she will guard them
H8104-58 uleshomerey and to the guardians of
H4931-11 umishemaretam and their guarding-charge
ushemareyahu and Yah-Has-Guarded
H8104-65 ushemor and guard!
H8104-66 ushemurah and she guarded
H8104-70 vatishemar and you guarded
H8104-76 veeshemerenah and I will hedge-guard her
H8104-77 velishemor and to guard/watch over
H8104-78 venishemar and he kept himself guarded
H8104-81 veshamar and he guarded
H8104-82 veshamareta and you shall guard
H8104-84 veshameru and they shall guard
H8110-02 veshimeron and Shimron (Guarded-Place)
H8104-88 vetishemerekha and she will hedge-guard you
H8104-91 veyishemerekha and may he hedge-guard you
H8104-94 yishemar he will guard
H8104-96 yishemerehu he will guard him
H8104-98 yishemerenu he will keep-watch over him
H8104-99 yishemeru they will guard
H8104-101 yishemoru they will guard

Word Usage (469 occurrences of H8104)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Genesis 2:15 וּ/לְ/שָׁמְרָֽ/הּ uleshamerah and to keep it
Genesis 3:24 לִ/שְׁמֹ֕ר lishemor to guard
Genesis 4:9 הֲ/שֹׁמֵ֥ר hashomer keeper