Lamentations 5

The people plead with **YHWH** to remember their profound misery under Babylonian occupation, including loss of inheritance, famine, rape, enslavement, and social upheaval, all attributed to their sin.[1][2][3] They confess their iniquity, lament Zion's desolation, and implore **YHWH** for restoration while fearing utter rejection.[1][4][5]

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Interlinear Text

Verse 1

Remember Remember! Remember O LORD Yahweh Yahweh what what? what has happened has happened he was / he became to us to us — look Direct your gaze Look look Direct your gaze! Look! and see and see! and see — object-marker [·] our reproach our disgrace our shame

זְכֹ֤ר 𐤆𐤊𐤓 zekhor kumbuka (Lingala) Remember Remember! Remember HVqv2ms יְהוָה֙ 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) O LORD Yahweh Yahweh HNp מֶֽה 𐤌𐤄 meh what what? what has happened HTi הָ֣יָה 𐤄𐤉𐤄 hayah has happened he was / he became to us HVqp3ms לָ֔/נוּ 𐤋/𐤍𐤅 lanu to us HR/Sp1cp הביט 𐤄𐤁𐤉𐤈 hvyt look Direct your gaze Look HVhv2ms הַבִּ֖יטָ/ה 𐤄𐤁𐤉𐤈/𐤄 habitah look Direct your gaze! Look! HVhv2ms/Sh וּ/רְאֵ֥ה 𐤅/𐤓𐤀𐤄 ureeh and see and see! and see HC/Vqv2ms אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et object-marker [·] HTo חֶרְפָּתֵֽ/נוּ 𐤇𐤓𐤐𐤕/𐤍𐤅 cherepatenu our reproach our disgrace our shame HNcfsc/Sp1cp

Verse 2

our inheritance our inherited portion our inheritance has been turned she was overturned has been overturned to strangers to foreign ones to foreign ones our houses our houses our houses to foreigners to outsiders to foreigners

נַחֲלָתֵ֨/נוּ֙ 𐤍𐤇𐤋𐤕/𐤍𐤅 nachalatenu our inheritance our inherited portion our inheritance HNcfsc/Sp1cp נֶֽהֶפְכָ֣ה 𐤍𐤄𐤐𐤊𐤄 nehefekhah has been turned she was overturned has been overturned HVNp3fs לְ/זָרִ֔ים 𐤋/𐤆𐤓𐤉𐤌 lezarim to strangers to foreign ones to foreign ones HR/Aampa בָּתֵּ֖י/נוּ 𐤁𐤕𐤉/𐤍𐤅 bateynu our houses our houses our houses HNcmpc/Sp1cp לְ/נָכְרִֽים 𐤋/𐤍𐤊𐤓𐤉𐤌 lenakherim to foreigners to outsiders to foreigners HR/Aampa

Verse 3

orphans fatherless children fatherless children we have become we were / we became we have become there is no there is not there is not and no and there is not and there is not father father of father our mothers our mothers our mothers like widows like widows like widows

יְתוֹמִ֤ים 𐤉𐤕𐤅𐤌𐤉𐤌 yetomim orphans fatherless children fatherless children HNcmpa הָיִ֨ינוּ֙ 𐤄𐤉𐤉𐤍𐤅 hayinu we have become we were / we became we have become HVqp1cp אין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 yn there is no there is not there is not HTn וְ/אֵ֣ין 𐤅/𐤀𐤉𐤍 veeyn and no and there is not and there is not HC/Tn אָ֔ב 𐤀𐤁 av father father of father HNcmsa אִמֹּתֵ֖י/נוּ 𐤀𐤌𐤕𐤉/𐤍𐤅 imoteynu our mothers our mothers our mothers HNcfpc/Sp1cp כְּ/אַלְמָנֽוֹת 𐤊/𐤀𐤋𐤌𐤍𐤅𐤕 kealemanot like widows like widows like widows HR/Ncfpa

Verse 4

our water our waters our water for money with silver for silver we have drunk we drank we have drunk our wood our trees our wood at a price for a price at a price it comes they come it comes

מֵימֵ֨י/נוּ֙ 𐤌𐤉𐤌𐤉/𐤍𐤅 meymeynu Amanzi (Zulu) our water our waters our water HNcmpc/Sp1cp בְּ/כֶ֣סֶף 𐤁/𐤊𐤎𐤐 bekhesef for money with silver for silver HR/Ncmsa שָׁתִ֔ינוּ 𐤔𐤕𐤉𐤍𐤅 shatinu we have drunk we drank we have drunk HVqp1cp עֵצֵ֖י/נוּ 𐤏𐤑𐤉/𐤍𐤅 etseynu our wood our trees our wood HNcmpc/Sp1cp בִּ/מְחִ֥יר 𐤁/𐤌𐤇𐤉𐤓 bimechir at a price for a price at a price HR/Ncmsa יָבֹֽאוּ 𐤉𐤁𐤀𐤅 yavou it comes they come it comes HVqi3mp

Verse 5

on upon upon our necks our neck our necks we are pursued we were pursued we were pursued we are weary we have labored to weariness we have labored to weariness not not not and not and not and not given was caused to rest was caused to rest to us — to us

עַ֤ל 𐤏𐤋 al on upon upon HR צַוָּארֵ֨/נוּ֙ 𐤑𐤅𐤀𐤓/𐤍𐤅 tsavarenu our necks our neck our necks HNcmsc/Sp1cp נִרְדָּ֔פְנוּ 𐤍𐤓𐤃𐤐𐤍𐤅 niredafenu we are pursued we were pursued we were pursued HVNp1cp יָגַ֖עְנוּ 𐤉𐤂𐤏𐤍𐤅 yagaenu we are weary we have labored to weariness we have labored to weariness HVqp1cp לא 𐤋𐤀 l not not not HTn וְ/לֹ֥א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo and not and not and not HC/Tn הֽוּנַ֖ח 𐤄𐤅𐤍𐤇 hunach given was caused to rest was caused to rest HVHp3ms לָֽ/נוּ 𐤋/𐤍𐤅 lanu to us to us HR/Sp1cp

Verse 6

to Egypt the Dual Enclosed-Land (Mitsrayim) Mitserayim we have given they gave we have given hand open hand hand Assyria Ashshur Ashur to be satisfied to be satisfied to be satisfied bread bread bread

מִצְרַ֨יִם֙ 𐤌𐤑𐤓𐤉𐤌 mitserayim to Egypt the Dual Enclosed-Land (Mitsrayim) Mitserayim HNp נָתַ֣נּוּ 𐤍𐤕𐤍𐤅 natanu we have given they gave we have given HVqp1cp יָ֔ד 𐤉𐤃 yad hand open hand hand HNcbsa אַשּׁ֖וּר 𐤀𐤔𐤅𐤓 ashur Assyria Ashshur Ashur HNp לִ/שְׂבֹּ֥עַֽ 𐤋/𐤔𐤁𐤏 liseboa to be satisfied to be satisfied to be satisfied HR/Vqc לָֽחֶם 𐤋𐤇𐤌 lachem bread bread bread HNcbsa

Verse 7

our fathers our fathers our fathers sinned they erred sinned not they they are not they are not and-not they and they are not and they are not we we ourselves we ourselves and-we and we and we their iniquities their guilt-burdens their iniquities have borne we bore we have borne

אֲבֹתֵ֤י/נוּ 𐤀𐤁𐤕𐤉/𐤍𐤅 avoteynu our fathers our fathers our fathers HNcmpc/Sp1cp חָֽטְאוּ֙ 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤅 chateu sinned they erred sinned HVqp3cp אינ/ם 𐤀𐤉𐤍/𐤌 ynm not they they are not they are not HTn/Sp3mp וְ/אֵינָ֔/ם 𐤅/𐤀𐤉𐤍/𐤌 veeynam and-not they and they are not and they are not HC/Tn/Sp3mp אנחנו 𐤀𐤍𐤇𐤍𐤅 nchnv we we ourselves we ourselves HPp1cp וַ/אֲנַ֖חְנוּ 𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤇𐤍𐤅 vaanachenu and-we and we and we HC/Pp1cp עֲוֺנֹתֵי/הֶ֥ם 𐤏𐤅𐤍𐤕𐤉/𐤄𐤌 aonoteyhem their iniquities their guilt-burdens their iniquities HNcbpc/Sp3mp סָבָֽלְנוּ 𐤎𐤁𐤋𐤍𐤅 savalenu have borne we bore we have borne HVqp1cp

Verse 8

Slaves male servants male servants rule they ruled they ruled over us — over us to deliver breaking-apart one deliverer there is none there is not there is none from their hand from their hand from their hand

עֲבָדִים֙ 𐤏𐤁𐤃𐤉𐤌 avadim Slaves male servants male servants HNcmpa מָ֣שְׁלוּ 𐤌𐤔𐤋𐤅 mashelu rule they ruled they ruled HVqp3cp בָ֔/נוּ 𐤁/𐤍𐤅 vanu over us over us HR/Sp1cp פֹּרֵ֖ק 𐤐𐤓𐤒 poreq to deliver breaking-apart one deliverer HVqrmsa אֵ֥ין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 eyn there is none there is not there is none HTn מִ/יָּדָֽ/ם 𐤌/𐤉𐤃/𐤌 miyadam from their hand from their hand from their hand HR/Ncbsc/Sp3mp

Verse 9

at the risk of our lives in our living-being at the risk of our lives we get proclaimer we obtain our bread our bread our bread because of from the presence of from before the presence of the sword blade of destruction sword the wilderness the grazing steppe the wilderness

בְּ/נַפְשֵׁ֨/נוּ֙ 𐤁/𐤍𐤐𐤔/𐤍𐤅 benafeshenu at the risk of our lives in our living-being at the risk of our lives HR/Ncbsc/Sp1cp נָבִ֣יא 𐤍𐤁𐤉𐤀 navi we get proclaimer we obtain HVhi1cp לַחְמֵ֔/נוּ 𐤋𐤇𐤌/𐤍𐤅 lachemenu our bread our bread our bread HNcbsc/Sp1cp מִ/פְּנֵ֖י 𐤌/𐤐𐤍𐤉 mipeney because of from the presence of from before the presence of HR/Ncbpc חֶ֥רֶב 𐤇𐤓𐤁 cherev the sword blade of destruction sword HNcfsc הַ/מִּדְבָּֽר 𐤄/𐤌𐤃𐤁𐤓 hamidebar Mfinda (Kongo) the wilderness the grazing steppe the wilderness HTd/Ncmsa

Verse 10

our skin our skin our skin like an oven like a fire-oven like an oven was blackened they were kindled were blackened because of from the presence of from before the presence of the burning heats scorching furies of burning heats of famine famine famine

עוֹרֵ֨/נוּ֙ 𐤏𐤅𐤓/𐤍𐤅 orenu our skin our skin our skin HNcmsc/Sp1cp כְּ/תַנּ֣וּר 𐤊/𐤕𐤍𐤅𐤓 ketanur like an oven like a fire-oven like an oven HR/Ncmsa נִכְמָ֔רוּ 𐤍𐤊𐤌𐤓𐤅 nikhemaru kumuka (Kikongo) was blackened they were kindled were blackened HVNp3cp מִ/פְּנֵ֖י 𐤌/𐤐𐤍𐤉 mipeney because of from the presence of from before the presence of HR/Ncbpc זַלְעֲפ֥וֹת 𐤆𐤋𐤏𐤐𐤅𐤕 zaleafot the burning heats scorching furies of burning heats HNcfpc רָעָֽב 𐤓𐤏𐤁 raav of famine famine famine HNcmsa

Verse 11

women women women in Zion in Tsiyon in Tsion they ravished they afflicted they afflicted virgins set-apart maidens young women in the cities in cities of in cities of of Judah Yah Is Praised Yehudah

נָשִׁים֙ 𐤍𐤔𐤉𐤌 nashim women women women HNcfpa בְּ/צִיּ֣וֹן 𐤁/𐤑𐤉𐤅𐤍 betsion in Zion in Tsiyon in Tsion HR/Np עִנּ֔וּ 𐤏𐤍𐤅 inu they ravished they afflicted they afflicted HVpp3cp בְּתֻלֹ֖ת 𐤁𐤕𐤋𐤕 betulot virgins set-apart maidens young women HNcfpa בְּ/עָרֵ֥י 𐤁/𐤏𐤓𐤉 bearey in the cities in cities of in cities of HR/Ncfpc יְהוּדָֽה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄 yehudah of Judah Yah Is Praised Yehudah HNp

Verse 12

Princes ruling officials chief officials by their hand in their hand in their hand were hanged they were hung they were hung faces face of before the face of elders aged men elders not not not were honored were adorned with splendor were honored

שָׂרִים֙ 𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌 sarim Princes ruling officials chief officials HNcmpa בְּ/יָדָ֣/ם 𐤁/𐤉𐤃/𐤌 beyadam by their hand in their hand in their hand HR/Ncbsc/Sp3mp נִתְל֔וּ 𐤍𐤕𐤋𐤅 nitelu were hanged they were hung they were hung HVNp3cp פְּנֵ֥י 𐤐𐤍𐤉 peney faces face of before the face of HNcbpc זְקֵנִ֖ים 𐤆𐤒𐤍𐤉𐤌 zeqenim elders aged men elders HAampa לֹ֥א 𐤋𐤀 lo not not not HTn נֶהְדָּֽרוּ 𐤍𐤄𐤃𐤓𐤅 nehedaru were honored were adorned with splendor were honored HVNp3cp

Verse 13

young men chosen young men young men grinding hand grinding-mill grinding-mill they bore they bore they bore and boys young males and youths under wood in the tree with wood staggered they stumbled they stumbled

בַּחוּרִים֙ 𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤓𐤉𐤌 bachurim young men chosen young men young men HNcmpa טְח֣וֹן 𐤈𐤇𐤅𐤍 techon grinding hand grinding-mill grinding-mill HNcmsa נָשָׂ֔אוּ 𐤍𐤔𐤀𐤅 nasau they bore they bore they bore HVqp3cp וּ/נְעָרִ֖ים 𐤅/𐤍𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌 unearim and boys young males and youths HC/Ncmpa בָּ/עֵ֥ץ 𐤁/𐤏𐤑 baets under wood in the tree with wood HRd/Ncmsa כָּשָֽׁלוּ 𐤊𐤔𐤋𐤅 kashalu staggered they stumbled they stumbled HVqp3cp

Verse 14

elders aged men elders from the gate from the gate from the gate have ceased they ceased have ceased young men chosen young men young men from their music from their instrumental melody from their music

זְקֵנִים֙ 𐤆𐤒𐤍𐤉𐤌 zeqenim elders aged men elders HAampa מִ/שַּׁ֣עַר 𐤌/𐤔𐤏𐤓 mishaar from the gate from the gate from the gate HR/Ncmsa שָׁבָ֔תוּ 𐤔𐤁𐤕𐤅 shavatu have ceased they ceased have ceased HVqp3cp בַּחוּרִ֖ים 𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤓𐤉𐤌 bachurim young men chosen young men young men HNcmpa מִ/נְּגִינָתָֽ/ם 𐤌/𐤍𐤂𐤉𐤍𐤕/𐤌 mineginatam from their music from their instrumental melody from their music HR/Ncfsc/Sp3mp

Verse 15

has ceased he ceased he stopped the joy rejoicing-of rejoicing of of our heart our inner core our heart has been turned he was overturned it was turned to mourning to mourning to mourning our dance our round dance our dance

שָׁבַת֙ 𐤔𐤁𐤕 shavat has ceased he ceased he stopped HVqp3ms מְשׂ֣וֹשׂ 𐤌𐤔𐤅𐤔 mesos the joy rejoicing-of rejoicing of HNcmsc לִבֵּ֔/נוּ 𐤋𐤁/𐤍𐤅 libenu of our heart our inner core our heart HNcmsc/Sp1cp נֶהְפַּ֥ךְ 𐤍𐤄𐤐𐤊 nehepakhe has been turned he was overturned it was turned HVNp3ms לְ/אֵ֖בֶל 𐤋/𐤀𐤁𐤋 leevel to mourning to mourning to mourning HR/Ncmsa מְחֹלֵֽ/נוּ 𐤌𐤇𐤋/𐤍𐤅 mecholenu our dance our round dance our dance HNcmsc/Sp1cp

Verse 16

has fallen she fell she fell the crown crown the crown of our head our head of our head woe Woe! woe to please please us — to us for for/because for we have sinned we have missed the mark we have sinned

נָֽפְלָה֙ 𐤍𐤐𐤋𐤄 nafelah has fallen she fell she fell HVqp3fs עֲטֶ֣רֶת 𐤏𐤈𐤓𐤕 ateret the crown crown the crown HNcfsc רֹאשֵׁ֔/נוּ 𐤓𐤀𐤔/𐤍𐤅 roshenu of our head our head of our head HNcmsc/Sp1cp אֽוֹי 𐤀𐤅𐤉 oy woe Woe! woe HTj נָ֥א 𐤍𐤀 na to please please HTe לָ֖/נוּ 𐤋/𐤍𐤅 lanu us to us HR/Sp1cp כִּ֥י 𐤊𐤉 ki for for/because for HC חָטָֽאנוּ 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤍𐤅 chatanu we have sinned we have missed the mark we have sinned HVqp1cp

Verse 17

For upon for this this one this one has become he was / he became it was sick sickly sick our heart our inner core our heart for upon for these these ones these ones are dim they became dark they became dark our eyes our eyes our eyes

עַל 𐤏𐤋 al For upon for HR זֶ֗ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh this this one this one HPdxms הָיָ֤ה 𐤄𐤉𐤄 hayah has become he was / he became it was HVqp3ms דָוֶה֙ 𐤃𐤅𐤄 daveh dova (Shona) sick sickly sick HAamsa לִבֵּ֔/נוּ 𐤋𐤁/𐤍𐤅 libenu our heart our inner core our heart HNcmsc/Sp1cp עַל 𐤏𐤋 al-2 for upon for HR אֵ֖לֶּה 𐤀𐤋𐤄 eleh these these ones these ones HPdxcp חָשְׁכ֥וּ 𐤇𐤔𐤊𐤅 chashekhu are dim they became dark they became dark HVqp3cp עֵינֵֽי/נוּ 𐤏𐤉𐤍𐤉/𐤍𐤅 eyneynu Enyi (Fante) our eyes our eyes our eyes HNcbdc/Sp1cp

Verse 18

because of upon because of mountain mountain of mountain of Zion Tsiyon Tsion which is desolate he became desolate which is desolate foxes jackals jackals walk Go forth walked upon it — on it

עַ֤ל 𐤏𐤋 al because of upon because of HR הַר 𐤄𐤓 har mountain mountain of mountain of HNcmsc צִיּוֹן֙ 𐤑𐤉𐤅𐤍 tsion Zion Tsiyon Tsion HNp שֶׁ/שָּׁמֵ֔ם 𐤔/𐤔𐤌𐤌 sheshamem which is desolate he became desolate which is desolate HTr/Vqp3ms שׁוּעָלִ֖ים 𐤔𐤅𐤏𐤋𐤉𐤌 shualim foxes jackals jackals HNcmpa הִלְּכוּ 𐤄𐤋𐤊𐤅 hilekhu walk Go forth walked HVpp3cp בֽ/וֹ 𐤁/𐤅 vo upon it on it HR/Sp3ms

Verse 19

You you you the LORD Yahweh Yahweh forever for an unseen age for forever sit she will dwell remain your throne your throne your throne generation to a generation-cycle to a generation-cycle and generation and generation-cycle and generation-cycle

אַתָּ֤ה 𐤀𐤕𐤄 atah You you you HPp2ms יְהוָה֙ 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) the LORD Yahweh Yahweh HNp לְ/עוֹלָ֣ם 𐤋/𐤏𐤅𐤋𐤌 leolam forever for an unseen age for forever HR/Ncmsa תֵּשֵׁ֔ב 𐤕𐤔𐤁 teshev sit she will dwell remain HVqi2ms כִּסְאֲ/ךָ֖ 𐤊𐤎𐤀/𐤊 kiseakha your throne your throne your throne HNcmsc/Sp2ms לְ/דֹ֥ר 𐤋/𐤃𐤓 ledor generation to a generation-cycle to a generation-cycle HR/Ncmsa וָ/דֽוֹר 𐤅/𐤃𐤅𐤓 vador and generation and generation-cycle and generation-cycle HC/Ncmsa

Verse 20

why for what? why forever to perpetuity to forever will you forget us you will forget us will you forget us forsake us you will abandon him will you forsake us for length for your length for your length of days days days

לָ֤/מָּה 𐤋/𐤌𐤄 lamah why for what? why HR/Ti לָ/נֶ֨צַח֙ 𐤋/𐤍𐤑𐤇 lanetsach forever to perpetuity to forever HR/Ncmsa תִּשְׁכָּחֵ֔/נוּ 𐤕𐤔𐤊𐤇/𐤍𐤅 tishekachenu will you forget us you will forget us will you forget us HVqi2ms/Sp1cp תַּֽעַזְבֵ֖/נוּ 𐤕𐤏𐤆𐤁/𐤍𐤅 taazevenu forsake us you will abandon him will you forsake us HVqi2ms/Sp1cp לְ/אֹ֥רֶךְ 𐤋/𐤀𐤓𐤊 leorekhe for length for your length for your length HR/Ncmsc יָמִֽים 𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌 yamim of days days days HNcmpa

Verse 21

Turn us cause us to return cause us to return O LORD Yahweh Yahweh to you toward you toward you and we will return and we will return and we will return and we shall return and let us turn back and let us return renew Renew! Renew! our days our days our days as of old like ancient times like ancient times

הֲשִׁיבֵ֨/נוּ 𐤄𐤔𐤉𐤁/𐤍𐤅 hashivenu Turn us cause us to return cause us to return HVhv2ms/Sp1cp יְהוָ֤ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) O LORD Yahweh Yahweh HNp אֵלֶ֨י/ךָ֙ 𐤀𐤋𐤉/𐤊 eleykha to you toward you toward you HR/Sp2ms ו/נשוב 𐤅/𐤍𐤔𐤅𐤁 vnshvv and we will return and we will return and we will return HC/Vqi1cp וְֽ/נָשׁ֔וּבָה 𐤅/𐤍𐤔𐤅𐤁𐤄 venashuvah and we shall return and let us turn back and let us return HC/Vqh1cp חַדֵּ֥שׁ 𐤇𐤃𐤔 chadesh renew Renew! Renew! HVpv2ms יָמֵ֖י/נוּ 𐤉𐤌𐤉/𐤍𐤅 yameynu our days our days our days HNcmpc/Sp1cp כְּ/קֶֽדֶם 𐤊/𐤒𐤃𐤌 keqedem as of old like ancient times like ancient times HR/Ncmsa

Verse 22

unless for/because unless you have if / whether if utterly rejected utter rejection to utterly reject rejected us you spurned us you spurned us are angry you became enraged you were angry with us upon us against us beyond up to until measure with great force very

כִּ֚י 𐤊𐤉 ki unless for/because unless HC אִם 𐤀𐤌 im you have if / whether if HC מָאֹ֣ס 𐤌𐤀𐤎 maos utterly rejected utter rejection to utterly reject HVqa מְאַסְתָּ֔/נוּ 𐤌𐤀𐤎𐤕/𐤍𐤅 measetanu rejected us you spurned us you spurned us HVqp2ms/Sp1cp קָצַ֥פְתָּ 𐤒𐤑𐤐𐤕 qatsafeta are angry you became enraged you were angry HVqp2ms עָלֵ֖י/נוּ 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤍𐤅 aleynu with us upon us against us HR/Sp1cp עַד 𐤏𐤃 ad beyond up to until HR מְאֹֽד 𐤌𐤀𐤃 meod measure with great force very HD

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