פַּרְעֹה

𐤐𐤓𐤏𐤄

Pareoh

H6547 noun

SILEX Entry

Root uncertain to rule, (as derived from Egyptian 'great house')

Definition

Official title for the monarch of Egypt, used throughout the Hebrew Bible to denote the reigning king of Egypt, irrespective of individual identity. The term functions both as a proper noun ('Pharaoh') and as a designation for the office or institution of Egyptian kingship. In certain contexts, it may be used in appositional constructions (e.g., 'Pharaoh, king of Egypt').

Semantic Range

Pharaoh (royal title), king of Egypt, sovereign or monarch of Egypt, the Egyptian court as a political entity, sometimes as shorthand for Egypt itself

Root / Etymology

Of Egyptian origin; derived from the Egyptian phrase 'pr-ˁ3', literally 'great house', referring originally to the palace/royal residence (the seat of government), which over time came to denote the ruler himself. The Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (Parʻôh) is a direct borrowing, reflecting the Egyptian pronunciation. The root is not native to Hebrew.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, פַּרְעֹה is universally applied to the ruler of Egypt regardless of period or dynastic identity. The term is used alone ('Pharaoh') or with additional qualifiers, such as a personal name or descriptive phrase, particularly in later historical books and the prophetic literature (e.g., 'Pharaoh-necho', 'Pharaoh-hophra'). During the monarchic and exilic periods, the office of Pharaoh is frequently mentioned in narratives involving Israelite interactions with Egypt (e.g., Exodus, Genesis, 1–2 Kings, Jeremiah). The term does not originally imply ethnic or religious affiliation, but denotes political sovereignty. In English Bibles, the Hebrew term is routinely rendered as 'Pharaoh', which accurately reflects the original meaning, though the English word 'Pharaoh' itself is a later borrowing via Greek 'Pharaō'. Translation traditions sometimes treat 'Pharaoh' as a proper name, which may obscure its original function as a title. The use of 'Pharaoh' as a strictly personal name is not attested in the Hebrew Bible; it always designates an office-holder. Distinct from the use of individualized Egyptian royal names as found in extra-biblical Egyptian records.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings; Pharaoh.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

פרעה (p-r-ʿ-h) — rule, great house, royal authority

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H6548 פַּרְעֹה חׇפְרַע Pharaoh
H6549 פַּרְעֹה נְכֹה Pharaoh

Word Forms

7 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6547-06 פַּרְעֹ֑ה pareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh 177
H6547-02 פַרְעֹ֔ה fareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh 54
H6547-04 לְ/פַרְעֹֽה lefareoh HR/Np to Pharaoh to Pharaoh 25
H6547-01 בְּ/פַרְעֹה֙ befareoh HR/Np upon Pharaoh in Pharaoh 6
H6547-07 וּ/פַרְעֹ֣ה ufareoh HC/Np and Pharaoh and Pharaoh 3
H6547-05 מִ/פַּרְעֹ֛ה mipareoh HR/Np from Pharaoh from Pharaoh 2
H6547-03 כְּ/פַרְעֹֽה kefareoh HR/Np like Pharaoh as Pharaoh 1

Occurrences in Scripture

268 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6547-02 Genesis 12:15 פַרְעֹ֔ה fareoh HNp Pharaoh's Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 12:15 פַּרְעֹ֑ה pareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 12:15 פַּרְעֹֽה pareoh-2 HNp Pharaoh's Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 12:17 פַּרְעֹ֛ה pareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh
H6547-02 Genesis 12:18 פַרְעֹה֙ fareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 12:20 פַּרְעֹ֖ה pareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 37:36 פַּרְעֹ֔ה pareoh HNp Pharaoh's Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 39:1 פַּרְעֹ֜ה pareoh HNp of Pharaoh Pharaoh
H6547-06 Genesis 40:2 פַּרְעֹ֔ה pareoh HNp Pharaoh Pharaoh
H6547-02 Genesis 40:7 פַרְעֹ֗ה fareoh HNp Pharaoh's Pharaoh