פָּשַׁע (H6586) — Hebrew Lexicon

פָּשַׁע

𐤐𐤔𐤏

pâshaʻ

H6586 verb

SILEX Entry

Root פשע to rebel, break away, revolt

Definition

To rebel, revolt, or break away from authority; primarily denotes active defiance against an established order or covenant. Semantic range includes organized revolt, disloyalty, rebellion against political, social or divine authority, and occasionally personal estrangement or breach of relationship.

Semantic Range

to rebel, revolt (against authority), break faith, transgress deliberately, breach a covenant, organize a revolt, commit apostasy, break off relationship, offend intentionally

Root / Etymology

Root: פָּשַׁע. The root meaning is 'to break away' or 'to rebel.' The verb פָּשַׁע directly reflects the idea of intentional breach, especially in the context of a relationship or covenant with authority, be it communal (e.g., a monarch), familial, or divine. The root differs from other words expressing sin (e.g., חָטָא 'to miss the mark' or עָוָה 'to do wrong') in that פָּשַׁע typically connotes willful and open rebellion rather than inadvertent wrongdoing.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, פָּשַׁע appears predominantly in contexts highlighting active revolt against the rule of a king (2 Kings 8:20, 2 Kings 3:5), a breach of covenant with the deity (Isaiah 1:2), or interpersonal estrangement. The term describes both individual and collective acts of defiance. In prophetic literature, it is often used as a serious accusation against the nation of Israel or Judah for their breach of covenant with YHWH. The nuance of intentionality and open rebellion makes פָּשַׁע stronger than terms for inadvertent sin; it implies a conscious rejection of authority. In post-exilic and Second Temple contexts, its use narrows to refer more specifically to acts of serious rebellion, particularly in prayer or penitential passages. English translations frequently use 'transgress' or 'rebel,' but 'transgress' can understate the word's force; 'rebel' or 'revolt' often better captures it. Distinct from חָטָא (sin, generic) and עָבַר (pass, transgress a limit), פָּשַׁע emphasizes the willfulness and relational rupture of the act.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root (identical with through the idea of expansion); to break away (from just authority), i.e. trespass, apostatize, quarrel; offend, rebel, revolt, transgress(-ion, -or).

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

פשע (p-š-ʿ) — to rebel, break away, revolt

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H6585	פָּשַׂע	let me rebel
H6587	פֶּשַׂע	as rebellion
H6588	פֶּשַׁע	in rebellion

Word Forms

22 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H6586-10`	פָּשְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	have rebelled	they rebelled	6
`H6586-18`	וַ/יִּפְשַׁ֤ע	vayifesha	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and revolted	and he rebelled	4
`H6586-07`	פָּשַׁ֣ע	pasha	`HVqp3ms`	has rebelled	he rebelled	3
`H6586-04`	הַ/פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים	haposheim	`HTd/Vqrmpa`	the transgressors	the rebelling ones	2
`H6586-19`	וַ/יִּפְשְׁע֤וּ	vayifesheu	`HC/Vqw3mp`	rebelled	and they rebelled	2
`H6586-14`	תִּפְשַׁ֥ע	tifesha	`HVqi3fs`	revolted	she will rebel	2
`H6586-17`	וּ/פֹשְׁעִ֖ים	ufosheim	`HC/Vqrmpa`	but transgressors	rebelling ones	2
`H6586-13`	פֹּשְׁעִ֛ים	posheim	`HVqrmpa`	of-transgressors	rebelling ones	2
`H6586-12`	פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֥ם	peshaetem	`HVqp2mp`	have transgressed	you have rebelled	2
`H6586-05`	לִ/פְשֹׁ֑עַ	lifeshoa	`HR/Vqc`	to transgress	to rebel	2
`H6586-03`	פוֹשְׁעִ֖ים	fosheim	`HVqrmpa`	you transgressors	rebelling ones	2
`H6586-08`	פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ	pashaate	`HVqp2fs`	you have rebelled	you rebelled	2
`H6586-01`	פָשַׁ֨עְנוּ֙	fashaenu	`HVqp1cp`	have transgressed	we have rebelled	1
`H6586-06`	נִפְשָׁ֥ע	nifesha	`HVNrmsa`	offended	rebelled-against one	1
`H6586-22`	יִפְשַׁע	yifesha	`HVqi3ms`	will transgress	he will rebel	1
`H6586-15`	וּ/פִשְׁע֔וּ	ufisheu	`HC/Vqv2mp`	and transgress	and rebel!	1
`H6586-21`	וְ/לַ/פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים	velaposheim	`HC/Rd/Vqrmpa`	for the transgressors	and to the rebelling-ones	1
`H6586-16`	וּ/פֹשֵׁ֥עַ	ufoshea	`HC/Vqrmsa`	and-transgressor	and rebelling one	1
`H6586-11`	פָּשֹׁ֤עַ	pashoa	`HVqa`	rebelling	rebelling	1
`H6586-02`	פָ֣שְׁעוּ	fasheu	`HVqp3cp`	they have rebelled	they rebelled	1
`H6586-09`	פָּשָֽׁעוּ	pashau	`HVqp3cp`	they rebelled	they rebelled	1
`H6586-20`	וְ/הַ/פּֽוֹשְׁעִים֙	vehaposheim	`HC/Td/Vqrmpa`	and those who transgress	and the rebelling ones	1

Occurrences in Scripture

41 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H6586-10`	1 Kings 8:50	פָּשְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	they have transgressed	they rebelled
`H6586-19`	1 Kings 12:19	וַ/יִּפְשְׁע֤וּ	vayifesheu	`HC/Vqw3mp`	rebelled	and they rebelled
`H6586-18`	2 Kings 1:1	וַ/יִּפְשַׁ֤ע	vayifesha	`HC/Vqw3ms`	And Moab rebelled	and he rebelled
`H6586-18`	2 Kings 3:5	וַ/יִּפְשַׁ֥ע	vayifesha	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and rebelled	and he rebelled
`H6586-07`	2 Kings 3:7	פָּשַׁ֣ע	pasha	`HVqp3ms`	has rebelled	he rebelled
`H6586-07`	2 Kings 8:20	פָּשַׁ֣ע	pasha	`HVqp3ms`	revolted	he rebelled
`H6586-18`	2 Kings 8:22	וַ/יִּפְשַׁ֣ע	vayifesha	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and revolted	and he rebelled
`H6586-14`	2 Kings 8:22	תִּפְשַׁ֥ע	tifesha	`HVqi3fs`	revolted	she will rebel
`H6586-10`	Isaiah 1:2	פָּ֥שְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	have rebelled	they rebelled
`H6586-13`	Isaiah 1:28	פֹּשְׁעִ֛ים	posheim	`HVqrmpa`	of-transgressors	rebelling ones
`H6586-10`	Isaiah 43:27	פָּ֥שְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	they transgressed	they rebelled
`H6586-03`	Isaiah 46:8	פוֹשְׁעִ֖ים	fosheim	`HVqrmpa`	you transgressors	rebelling ones
`H6586-16`	Isaiah 48:8	וּ/פֹשֵׁ֥עַ	ufoshea	`HC/Vqrmsa`	and-transgressor	and rebelling one
`H6586-13`	Isaiah 53:12	פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים	posheim	`HVqrmpa`	transgressors	rebelling ones
`H6586-21`	Isaiah 53:12	וְ/לַ/פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים	velaposheim	`HC/Rd/Vqrmpa`	for the transgressors	and to the rebelling-ones
`H6586-11`	Isaiah 59:13	פָּשֹׁ֤עַ	pashoa	`HVqa`	rebelling	rebelling
`H6586-04`	Isaiah 66:24	הַ/פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים	haposheim	`HTd/Vqrmpa`	the-transgressors	the rebelling ones
`H6586-10`	Jeremiah 2:8	פָּ֣שְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	transgressed	they rebelled
`H6586-12`	Jeremiah 2:29	פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֥ם	peshaetem	`HVqp2mp`	have transgressed	you have rebelled
`H6586-08`	Jeremiah 3:13	פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ	pashaate	`HVqp2fs`	you have rebelled	you rebelled
`H6586-10`	Jeremiah 33:8	פָּ֥שְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	they-have-rebelled	they rebelled
`H6586-10`	Ezekiel 2:3	פָּ֣שְׁעוּ	pasheu	`HVqp3cp`	have transgressed	they rebelled
`H6586-12`	Ezekiel 18:31	פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם	peshaetem	`HVqp2mp`	you have transgressed	you have rebelled
`H6586-20`	Ezekiel 20:38	וְ/הַ/פּֽוֹשְׁעִים֙	vehaposheim	`HC/Td/Vqrmpa`	and those who transgress	and the rebelling ones
`H6586-02`	Hosea 7:13	פָ֣שְׁעוּ	fasheu	`HVqp3cp`	they have rebelled	they rebelled
`H6586-09`	Hosea 8:1	פָּשָֽׁעוּ	pashau	`HVqp3cp`	they rebelled	they rebelled
`H6586-17`	Hosea 14:10	וּ/פֹשְׁעִ֖ים	ufosheim	`HC/Vqrmpa`	but transgressors	rebelling ones
`H6586-15`	Amos 4:4	וּ/פִשְׁע֔וּ	ufisheu	`HC/Vqv2mp`	and transgress	and rebel!
`H6586-05`	Amos 4:4	לִ/פְשֹׁ֑עַ	lifeshoa	`HR/Vqc`	transgression	to rebel
`H6586-08`	Zephaniah 3:11	פָּשַׁ֖עַתְּ	pashaate	`HVqp2fs`	you-have-rebelled	you rebelled
`H6586-17`	Psalms 37:38	וּֽ֭/פֹשְׁעִים	ufosheim	`HC/Vqrmpa`	but transgressors	rebelling ones
`H6586-03`	Psalms 51:15	פֹשְׁעִ֣ים	fosheim	`HVqrmpa`	transgressors	rebelling ones
`H6586-06`	Proverbs 18:19	נִפְשָׁ֥ע	nifesha	`HVNrmsa`	offended	rebelled-against one
`H6586-22`	Proverbs 28:21	יִפְשַׁע	yifesha	`HVqi3ms`	will transgress	he will rebel
`H6586-01`	Lamentations 3:42	פָשַׁ֨עְנוּ֙	fashaenu	`HVqp1cp`	have transgressed	we have rebelled
`H6586-04`	Daniel 8:23	הַ/פֹּשְׁעִ֑ים	haposheim	`HTd/Vqrmpa`	the transgressors	the rebelling ones
`H6586-05`	Ezra 10:13	לִ/פְשֹׁ֖עַ	lifeshoa	`HR/Vqc`	to transgress	to rebel
`H6586-19`	2 Chronicles 10:19	וַ/יִּפְשְׁע֤וּ	vayifesheu	`HC/Vqw3mp`	they rebelled	and they rebelled
`H6586-07`	2 Chronicles 21:8	פָּשַׁ֣ע	pasha	`HVqp3ms`	rebelled	he rebelled
`H6586-18`	2 Chronicles 21:10	וַ/יִּפְשַׁ֨ע	vayifesha	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and revolted	and he rebelled
`H6586-14`	2 Chronicles 21:10	תִּפְשַׁ֥ע	tifesha	`HVqi3fs`	revolted	she will rebel

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