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שׁוֹק

𐤔𐤅𐤒

shôwq

H7785 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

Lower part of the leg, particularly the calf or shank, between the knee and the ankle; can also refer more broadly to the leg as a whole and, by extension, to parts of animals such as the thigh or shank portion used in ritual or culinary context. In some contexts, the term denotes the fleshy or muscular part of the limb most associated with motion and strength.

Semantic Range

lower leg, leg (human), calf, shank, thigh (animal, especially in sacrificial contexts), fleshy/muscular portion of the leg, in some cases, hip or upper leg

Root / Etymology

From the root שוק, which expresses the idea of projecting or extending out, suggesting something that protrudes. The noun שׁוֹק specifically refers to an extended or protruding limb, usually in relation to the lower leg. The relationship between the root and the word relates to the leg's shape and function as an extending part of the body.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, שׁוֹק is used both literally and in idiomatic expressions. Literally, it denotes the lower leg or calf of a person (e.g., Song of Songs 7:2). In cultic and sacrificial law, especially in Leviticus and Deuteronomy (e.g., Leviticus 7:32, 34), שׁוֹק refers to the thigh or 'shank' portion of an animal, which was a portion reserved for specific ritual participants. The term is context-dependent: in poetic or descriptive texts, it may refer simply to the leg; in ritual or anatomical contexts, to the thigh or a specific meat portion. English translations often use 'leg,' 'thigh,' or 'shoulder' inconsistently, but the basic sense is 'lower leg' or 'shank.' In some post-exilic and later Hebrew, distinctions between שׁוֹק and related terms (like יָרֵךְ, 'thigh/upper leg') became more nuanced, but in earlier texts, the boundaries were flexible.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from שׁוּק; the (lower) leg (as a runner); hip, leg, shoulder, thigh.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.

Root Family

שוק (shûwq) — to run, rush, stride

Root שוק to project, extend, be prominent
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H7784 שׁוּק in public thoroughfares
H8669 תְּשׁוּקָה your longing

Word Forms

7 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H7785-03 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of lower leg of 13
H7785-01 הַ/שּׁ֨וֹק hashoq HTd/Ncfsa the thigh the lower leg the lower leg 1
H7785-02 הַ/שֹּׁקַ֔יִם hashoqayim HTd/Ncfda the legs the two lower legs the legs 1
H7785-04 שֹׁ֭קַיִם shoqayim HNcfda legs lower legs lower legs 1
H7785-05 שׁוֹקָי/ו֙ shoqayv HNcfdc/Sp3ms his legs his lower legs his legs 1
H7785-06 וּ/כְ/שׁ֥וֹק ukheshoq HC/R/Ncfsc and-like-thigh and like the shank of and like the shank 1
H7785-07 בְ/שׁוֹקֵ֖י veshoqey HR/Ncfdc in the legs of in the shanks of in the legs of 1

Occurrences in Scripture

19 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H7785-03 Exodus 29:22 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of the thigh
H7785-03 Exodus 29:27 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of lower leg of
H7785-03 Leviticus 7:32 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of shank
H7785-03 Leviticus 7:33 שׁ֥וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of thigh
H7785-03 Leviticus 7:34 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of lower leg of
H7785-03 Leviticus 8:25 שׁ֥וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of the shank
H7785-03 Leviticus 8:26 שׁ֥וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of lower leg of
H7785-03 Leviticus 9:21 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of thigh
H7785-03 Leviticus 10:14 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of thigh
H7785-03 Leviticus 10:15 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of thigh of
H7785-03 Numbers 6:20 שׁ֣וֹק shoq HNcfsc thigh lower leg of lower leg of
H7785-06 Numbers 18:18 וּ/כְ/שׁ֥וֹק ukheshoq HC/R/Ncfsc and-like-thigh and like the shank of and like the shank
H7785-02 Deuteronomy 28:35 הַ/שֹּׁקַ֔יִם hashoqayim HTd/Ncfda the legs the two lower legs the legs
H7785-03 Judges 15:8 שׁ֛וֹק shoq HNcfsa leg lower leg of lower leg of
H7785-01 1 Samuel 9:24 הַ/שּׁ֨וֹק hashoq HTd/Ncfsa the thigh the lower leg the lower leg
H7785-03 Isaiah 47:2 שׁ֖וֹק shoq HNcfsa the thigh lower leg of lower leg of
H7785-07 Psalms 147:10 בְ/שׁוֹקֵ֖י veshoqey HR/Ncfdc in the legs of in the shanks of in the legs of
H7785-04 Proverbs 26:7 שֹׁ֭קַיִם shoqayim HNcfda legs lower legs lower legs
H7785-05 Song of Songs 5:15 שׁוֹקָי/ו֙ shoqayv HNcfdc/Sp3ms his legs his lower legs his legs
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