ὑπ’
up
a primary preposition; under, i.e. (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (underneath) or where (below) or time (when (at)):--among, by, from, in, of, under, with. In the comparative, it retains the same general applications, especially of inferior position or condition, and specially, covertly or moderately.
Matthew 8:9 · Word #10
Lexicon G5259
| Lemma | ὑπό |
| Transliteration | hypó |
| Strong's | G5259 |
Morphology PREP ACC
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | PREP — Preposition — Shows relationship between words |
| Case | ACC — Accusative — Direct object or extent |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ὑπό |
| Strong's | G5259 |
SIBI-P1 G5259-01
under—by the agency of (with genitive) / beneath toward (with accusative)
| Root | ὑπό (hypo) |
| Core Meanings | under, beneath, by (agency), from under, under authority |
| Semantic Range | spatially under or beneath; under authority or control; by means of; by the agency of; from under; during (of time); in a subordinate condition |
| Conceptual Significance | Ὑπό frequently marks divine or human agency in passive constructions (e.g., actions done "by" God or others), shaping theological understanding of sovereignty and responsibility. Its underlying sense of subordination or position under authority also contributes to biblical themes of submission, protection, and delegated power. |
| Morphological Notes | Preposition (Gr,P). In these occurrences it governs either the genitive case (G), typically expressing agency, source, or position under, or the accusative case (A), expressing movement to or position beneath. The form ὑπ’ is an elided form before a vowel. |
| Rendering Rationale | The rendering preserves the core spatial sense of "under" inherent in ὑπό while distinguishing its grammatical functions: with the genitive it commonly marks agency or means ("by the agency of"), and with the accusative it retains a directional or spatial sense ("beneath toward"). This reflects the case-dependent meaning indicated in the morphology codes (preposition governing genitive or accusative). |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root ὑπό (under, beneath, by (agency), from under, under authority)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G5259-02 |
uph | under (by the agency of—with the genitive; down under/toward under—with the accusative) |
G5259-03 |
upo | under (with genitive: by the agency/source of) |
Word Usage (221 occurrences of G5259)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 1:22 | ὑπὸ | upo | by |
| Matthew 2:15 | ὑπὸ | upo | by |
| Matthew 2:16 | ὑπὸ | upo | by |