זַ֣עַף

𐤆𐤏𐤐

zaaf

wrath

from זָעַף; anger; indignation, rage(-ing), wrath.

H2197

Proverbs 19:12 · Word #3

Lexicon H2197

Lemmaזַעַף
Lemma (Paleo)𐤆𐤏𐤐
Transliterationzaʻaph
Strong'sH2197
In-contextwrath

Morphology HNcmsc All morphology codes

Part of Speech N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea
Subtype c — Common — Common noun
Gender m — Masculine — Masculine
Number s — Singular — Singular
State c — Construct — The noun is bound to the following word

SIBI-P1 H2197-02

rage of

Rootזעף (z-ʿ-p)
Core Meaningsrage, indignation, vexation, storming anger
Semantic Rangeanger, indignation, wrath, vexation, irate displeasure, storm-like fury
Conceptual SignificanceThis term often conveys intense, sometimes explosive anger—whether human or divine. When attributed to YHWH or a king, it underscores the seriousness of offense and the potentially devastating consequences of incited wrath.
Morphological NotesCommon masculine singular noun in the construct state; appears without article and links to a following noun to express possession or association (“rage of X”).
Rendering RationaleThe noun זַעַף derives from the root זעף, conveying the idea of storming anger or indignant rage. The morphology (HNcmsc) identifies it as a masculine singular noun in the construct state, which requires the relational sense “of” in English, hence “rage of,” preserving both its singular form and its construct linkage to what follows.

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root זעף (rage, indignation, vexation, storming anger)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
H2197-01 vezaaf in anger
H2198-01 vezaef and enraged
H2196-01 zoafim boiling-up ones

Word Usage (6 occurrences of H2197)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Isaiah 30:30 בְּ/זַ֣עַף bezaaf in-rage
Jonah 1:15 מִ/זַּעְפּֽ/וֹ mizaepo from its raging
Micah 7:9 זַ֤עַף zaaf indignation