שֹׁמֵ֣ר
𐤔𐤌𐤓
shomer
He who keeps
a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.; beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
Proverbs 19:16 · Word #1
Lexicon H8104
| Lemma | שָׁמַר |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤌𐤓 |
| Transliteration | shâmar |
| Strong's | H8104 |
| In-context | He who keeps |
Morphology HVqrmsc
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | r — Participle Active — The one doing the action |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | c — Construct — The noun is bound to the following word |
SIBI-P1 H8104-44
a guarding one
| Root | שׁמר (sh-m-r) |
| Core Meanings | to guard, keep, watch, preserve, attend carefully, hedge about for protection |
| Semantic Range | guardian, keeper, watchman, observer, one who preserves, one who keeps commandments, one who maintains or safeguards |
| Conceptual Significance | The root שׁמר expresses covenantal faithfulness and vigilant care—whether of commandments, sacred trusts, or people. It frequently describes both human responsibility to keep YHWH’s instructions and YHWH’s own protective guarding of His people, highlighting themes of obedience, stewardship, and divine preservation. |
| Morphological Notes | Qal active participle, masculine singular absolute (HVqrmsa). Functions substantivally to denote a male individual characterized by guarding or keeping. |
| Rendering Rationale | The form is a Qal active participle masculine singular absolute, denoting "one who is guarding/keeping." Rendering it as "a guarding one" preserves the verbal, ongoing sense of the participle and reflects the masculine singular form while maintaining the core idea of protective vigilance inherent in the root שׁמר. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root שׁמר (to guard, keep, watch, preserve, attend carefully, hedge about for protection)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
H821-01 |
ashemurot | night guard-watches |
H821-02 |
beashemoret | in the guarding-watch of |
H821-03 |
beashemurot | in the guarding-watches |
Word Usage (469 occurrences of H8104)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 2:15 | וּ/לְ/שָׁמְרָֽ/הּ | uleshamerah | and to keep it |
| Genesis 3:24 | לִ/שְׁמֹ֕ר | lishemor | to guard |
| Genesis 4:9 | הֲ/שֹׁמֵ֥ר | hashomer | keeper |