Psalms 19
The psalm celebrates God's revelation through creation, where the heavens continuously declare YHWH's glory and divine handiwork, with the sun serving as a powerful metaphor for God's strength and order. It then shifts to praising YHWH's written word (Torah) as perfect, pure, and righteous, before concluding with the psalmist's prayer for cleansing from hidden faults and presumptuous sins, seeking to offer acceptable worship to YHWH.
Interlinear Text
the heavens
the lofty heights
declare
the recounting ones
glory
weightiness of
of God
toward
and-the-work
and the work-of
of-his-hands
his two hands
proclaims
one who makes known
the firmament
the beaten-out expanse
Verse 2
הַ/שָּׁמַ֗יִם
𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤉𐤌
hashamayim
the heavens
the lofty heights
HTd/Ncmpa
מְֽסַפְּרִ֥ים
𐤌𐤎𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌
mesaperim
declare
the recounting ones
HVprmpa
כְּבֽוֹד
𐤊𐤁𐤅𐤃
kevod
glory
weightiness of
HNcbsc
אֵ֑ל
𐤀𐤋
el
of God
toward
HNcmsa
וּֽ/מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה
𐤅/𐤌𐤏𐤔𐤄
umaaseh
and-the-work
and the work-of
HC/Ncmsc
יָ֝דָ֗י/ו
𐤉𐤃𐤉/𐤅
yadayv
of-his-hands
his two hands
HNcbdc/Sp3ms
מַגִּ֥יד
𐤌𐤂𐤉𐤃
magid
proclaims
one who makes known
HVhrmsa
הָ/רָקִֽיעַ
𐤄/𐤓𐤒𐤉𐤏
haraqia
the firmament
the beaten-out expanse
HTd/Ncmsa
Day
day
to day
for-the-day
pours forth
he causes to gush forth
speech
one who says
and to night
and night
to night
unto night
shows
he vividly-declares
knowledge
knowledge
Verse 3
י֣וֹם
𐤉𐤅𐤌
yom
Day
day
HNcmsa
לְ֭/יוֹם
𐤋/𐤉𐤅𐤌
leyom
to day
for-the-day
HR/Ncmsa
יַבִּ֣יעַֽ
𐤉𐤁𐤉𐤏
yabia
pours forth
he causes to gush forth
HVhi3ms
אֹ֑מֶר
𐤀𐤌𐤓
omer
speech
one who says
HNcmsa
וְ/לַ֥יְלָה
𐤅/𐤋𐤉𐤋𐤄
velayelah
and to night
and night
HC/Ncmsa
לְּ֝/לַ֗יְלָה
𐤋/𐤋𐤉𐤋𐤄
lelayelah
to night
unto night
HR/Ncmsa
יְחַוֶּה
𐤉𐤇𐤅𐤄
yechaveh
shows
he vividly-declares
HVpi3ms
דָּֽעַת
𐤃𐤏𐤕
daat
knowledge
knowledge
HNcfsa
there is no
there-is-no
speech
one who says
nor
and there-is-not
words
spoken-words
without
in lack of
heard
he has been heeded
their voice
their calling-voice
Verse 4
אֵֽין
𐤀𐤉𐤍
eyn
there is no
there-is-no
HTn
אֹ֭מֶר
𐤀𐤌𐤓
omer
speech
one who says
HNcmsa
וְ/אֵ֣ין
𐤅/𐤀𐤉𐤍
veeyn
nor
and there-is-not
HC/Tn
דְּבָרִ֑ים
𐤃𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤌
devarim
words
spoken-words
HNcmpa
בְּ֝לִ֗י
𐤁𐤋𐤉
beli
without
in lack of
HTn
נִשְׁמָ֥ע
𐤍𐤔𐤌𐤏
nishema
heard
he has been heeded
HVNrmsa
קוֹלָֽ/ם
𐤒𐤅𐤋/𐤌
qolam
their voice
their calling-voice
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
in all
in all
the earth
the firm-standing land
has gone out
he went out
their line
their measuring-line
and to the end of
and in the extremity of
the world
the well-watered inhabited world
their words
their spoken-words
for the sun
to the brilliant sun
He has set
he set
a tent
tent-dwelling
in them
—
Verse 5
בְּ/כָל
𐤁/𐤊𐤋
bekhal
in all
in all
HR/Ncmsc
הָ/אָ֨רֶץ
𐤄/𐤀𐤓𐤑
haarets
the earth
the firm-standing land
HTd/Ncbsa
יָ֘צָ֤א
𐤉𐤑𐤀
yatsa
has gone out
he went out
HVqp3ms
קַוָּ֗/ם
𐤒𐤅/𐤌
qavam
their line
their measuring-line
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
וּ/בִ/קְצֵ֣ה
𐤅/𐤁/𐤒𐤑𐤄
uviqetseh
and to the end of
and in the extremity of
HC/R/Ncbsc
תֵ֭בֵל
𐤕𐤁𐤋
tevel
the world
the well-watered inhabited world
HNcfsa
מִלֵּי/הֶ֑ם
𐤌𐤋𐤉/𐤄𐤌
mileyhem
their words
their spoken-words
HNcfpc/Sp3mp
לַ֝/שֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ
𐤋/𐤔𐤌𐤔
lashemesh
for the sun
to the brilliant sun
HRd/Ncbsa
שָֽׂם
𐤔𐤌
sam
He has set
he set
HVqp3ms
אֹ֥הֶל
𐤀𐤄𐤋
ohel
a tent
tent-dwelling
HNcmsa
בָּ/הֶֽם
𐤁/𐤄𐤌
bahem
in them
HR/Sp3mp
and he
and he himself
like a bridegroom
as a marriage-allied bridegroom
coming forth
the one going out
from his chamber
from his covering-canopy
rejoices
he exults with joy
like a strong man
like a mighty-man
to run
to run swiftly
his course
well-trodden path
Verse 6
וְ/ה֗וּא
𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤀
vehu
and he
and he himself
HC/Pp3ms
כְּ֭/חָתָן
𐤊/𐤇𐤕𐤍
kechatan
like a bridegroom
as a marriage-allied bridegroom
HR/Ncmsa
יֹצֵ֣א
𐤉𐤑𐤀
yotse
coming forth
the one going out
HVqrmsa
מֵ/חֻפָּת֑/וֹ
𐤌/𐤇𐤐𐤕/𐤅
mechupato
from his chamber
from his covering-canopy
HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
יָשִׂ֥ישׂ
𐤉𐤔𐤉𐤔
yasis
rejoices
he exults with joy
HVqi3ms
כְּ֝/גִבּ֗וֹר
𐤊/𐤂𐤁𐤅𐤓
kegibor
like a strong man
like a mighty-man
HR/Aamsa
לָ/ר֥וּץ
𐤋/𐤓𐤅𐤑
laruts
to run
to run swiftly
HR/Vqc
אֹֽרַח
𐤀𐤓𐤇
orach
his course
well-trodden path
HNcbsa
from the end
from the extremity of
of the heavens
the lofty heights
their going forth
his going-forth
and their circuit
and his encircling-cycle
upon
upon (up-over)
their ends
their extremities
and there is
and there-is-not
hidden
he was hidden / a hidden one (masculine singular)
from its heat
from his burning-heat
Verse 7
מִ/קְצֵ֤ה
𐤌/𐤒𐤑𐤄
miqetseh
from the end
from the extremity of
HR/Ncbsc
הַ/שָּׁמַ֨יִם
𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤉𐤌
hashamayim
of the heavens
the lofty heights
HTd/Ncmpa
מֽוֹצָא֗/וֹ
𐤌𐤅𐤑𐤀/𐤅
motsao
their going forth
his going-forth
HNcmsc/Sp3ms
וּ/תְקוּפָת֥/וֹ
𐤅/𐤕𐤒𐤅𐤐𐤕/𐤅
utequfato
and their circuit
and his encircling-cycle
HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
עַל
𐤏𐤋
al
upon
upon (up-over)
HR
קְצוֹתָ֑/ם
𐤒𐤑𐤅𐤕/𐤌
qetsotam
their ends
their extremities
HNcbpc/Sp3mp
וְ/אֵ֥ין
𐤅/𐤀𐤉𐤍
veeyn
and there is
and there-is-not
HC/Tn
נִ֝סְתָּ֗ר
𐤍𐤎𐤕𐤓
nisetar
hidden
he was hidden / a hidden one (masculine singular)
HVNsmsa
מֵֽ/חַמָּת/וֹ
𐤌/𐤇𐤌𐤕/𐤅
mechamato
from its heat
from his burning-heat
HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
law of
instruction-of
YHWH
the Being One
perfect
whole and blameless (feminine singular)
restoring
causing-to-return of
the soul
breathing being
testimony of
witness-testimony
YHWH
the Being One
faithful
faithful one (feminine singular)
making wise
she who makes-wise (of …)
the simple
a persuadable man
Verse 8
תּ֘וֹרַ֤ת
𐤕𐤅𐤓𐤕
torat
law of
instruction-of
HNcfsc
יְהוָ֣ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
תְּ֭מִימָה
𐤕𐤌𐤉𐤌𐤄
temimah
perfect
whole and blameless (feminine singular)
HAafsa
מְשִׁ֣יבַת
𐤌𐤔𐤉𐤁𐤕
meshivat
restoring
causing-to-return of
HVhrfsc
נָ֑פֶשׁ
𐤍𐤐𐤔
nafesh
the soul
breathing being
HNcbsa
עֵד֥וּת
𐤏𐤃𐤅𐤕
edut
testimony of
witness-testimony
HNcfsc
יְהוָ֥ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah-2
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
נֶ֝אֱמָנָ֗ה
𐤍𐤀𐤌𐤍𐤄
neemanah
faithful
faithful one (feminine singular)
HVNrfsa
מַחְכִּ֥ימַת
𐤌𐤇𐤊𐤉𐤌𐤕
machekimat
making wise
she who makes-wise (of …)
HVhrfsc
פֶּֽתִי
𐤐𐤕𐤉
peti
the simple
a persuadable man
HNcmsa
precepts of
appointed charges of
YHWH
the Being One
are right
upright ones
rejoicing
those causing-to-rejoice of
the heart
heart of
The commandment of
command-of
YHWH
the Being One
is pure
a purified one (feminine singular)
enlightening
light-giving (feminine singular, construct)
the eyes
two eyes
Verse 9
פִּקּ֘וּדֵ֤י
𐤐𐤒𐤅𐤃𐤉
piqudey
precepts of
appointed charges of
HNcmpc
יְהוָ֣ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
יְ֭שָׁרִים
𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌
yesharim
are right
upright ones
HAampa
מְשַׂמְּחֵי
𐤌𐤔𐤌𐤇𐤉
mesamechey
rejoicing
those causing-to-rejoice of
HVprmpc
לֵ֑ב
𐤋𐤁
lev
the heart
heart of
HNcmsa
מִצְוַ֥ת
𐤌𐤑𐤅𐤕
mitsevat
The commandment of
command-of
HNcfsc
יְהוָ֥ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah-2
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
בָּ֝רָ֗ה
𐤁𐤓𐤄
barah
is pure
a purified one (feminine singular)
HAafsa
מְאִירַ֥ת
𐤌𐤀𐤉𐤓𐤕
meirat
enlightening
light-giving (feminine singular, construct)
HVhrfsc
עֵינָֽיִם
𐤏𐤉𐤍𐤉𐤌
eynayim
the eyes
two eyes
HNcbda
fear of
reverent-fear-of
YHWH
the Being One
pure
pure (feminine singular)
standing
she who stands
forever
to perpetuity
judgments of
justice-decisions of
YHWH
the Being One
true
firm faithfulness
righteous
they were in the right
altogether
as one
Verse 10
יִרְאַ֤ת
𐤉𐤓𐤀𐤕
yireat
fear of
reverent-fear-of
HNcfsc
יְהוָ֨ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
טְהוֹרָה֮
𐤈𐤄𐤅𐤓𐤄
tehorah
pure
pure (feminine singular)
HAafsa
עוֹמֶ֪דֶת
𐤏𐤅𐤌𐤃𐤕
omedet
standing
she who stands
HVqrfsa
לָ֫/עַ֥ד
𐤋/𐤏𐤃
laad
forever
to perpetuity
HR/Ncmsa
מִֽשְׁפְּטֵי
𐤌𐤔𐤐𐤈𐤉
mishepetey
judgments of
justice-decisions of
HNcmpc
יְהוָ֥ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah-2
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
אֱמֶ֑ת
𐤀𐤌𐤕
emet
true
firm faithfulness
HNcfsa
צָֽדְק֥וּ
𐤑𐤃𐤒𐤅
tsadequ
righteous
they were in the right
HVqp3cp
יַחְדָּֽו
𐤉𐤇𐤃𐤅
yachedav
altogether
as one
HD
more desirable
the desired ones
than gold
from gold
and than much fine gold
and from refined gold
much
great
and sweeter
and sweet ones
than honey
from honey
and than drippings
and honey-dripping
of the honeycomb
dripping honeycombs
Verse 11
הַֽ/נֶּחֱמָדִ֗ים
𐤄/𐤍𐤇𐤌𐤃𐤉𐤌
hanechemadim
more desirable
the desired ones
HTd/VNrmpa
מִ֭/זָּהָב
𐤌/𐤆𐤄𐤁
mizahav
than gold
from gold
HR/Ncmsa
וּ/מִ/פַּ֣ז
𐤅/𐤌/𐤐𐤆
umipaz
and than much fine gold
and from refined gold
HC/R/Ncmsa
רָ֑ב
𐤓𐤁
rav
much
great
HAamsa
וּ/מְתוּקִ֥ים
𐤅/𐤌𐤕𐤅𐤒𐤉𐤌
umetuqim
and sweeter
and sweet ones
HC/Aampa
מִ֝/דְּבַ֗שׁ
𐤌/𐤃𐤁𐤔
midevash
than honey
from honey
HR/Ncmsa
וְ/נֹ֣פֶת
𐤅/𐤍𐤐𐤕
venofet
and than drippings
and honey-dripping
HC/Ncmsc
צוּפִֽים
𐤑𐤅𐤐𐤉𐤌
tsufim
of the honeycomb
dripping honeycombs
HNcmpa
moreover
also
your servant
your servant
is warned
he was warned
by them
—
in keeping them
in guarding them
reward
heel-consequence
great
great
Verse 12
גַּֽם
𐤂𐤌
gam
moreover
also
HTa
עַ֭בְדְּ/ךָ
𐤏𐤁𐤃/𐤊
avedekha
your servant
your servant
HNcmsc/Sp2ms
נִזְהָ֣ר
𐤍𐤆𐤄𐤓
nizehar
is warned
he was warned
HVNrmsa
בָּ/הֶ֑ם
𐤁/𐤄𐤌
bahem
by them
HR/Sp3mp
בְּ֝/שָׁמְרָ֗/ם
𐤁/𐤔𐤌𐤓/𐤌
beshameram
in keeping them
in guarding them
HR/Vqc/Sp3mp
עֵ֣קֶב
𐤏𐤒𐤁
eqev
reward
heel-consequence
HNcmsa
רָֽב
𐤓𐤁
rav
great
great
HAamsa
presumptuous sins
strayings
who
who?
can understand
He-Discerns
hidden faults
from hidden (things)
cleanse me
Thoroughly cleanse me
Verse 13
שְׁגִיא֥וֹת
𐤔𐤂𐤉𐤀𐤅𐤕
shegiot
presumptuous sins
strayings
HNcfpa
מִֽי
𐤌𐤉
mi
who
who?
HTi
יָבִ֑ין
𐤉𐤁𐤉𐤍
yavin
can understand
He-Discerns
HVqi3ms
מִֽ/נִּסְתָּר֥וֹת
𐤌/𐤍𐤎𐤕𐤓𐤅𐤕
minisetarot
hidden faults
from hidden (things)
HR/VNrfpa
נַקֵּֽ/נִי
𐤍𐤒/𐤍𐤉
naqeni
cleanse me
Thoroughly cleanse me
HVpv2ms/Sp1cs
also
also
from presumptuous sins
from the seething-arrogant ones
keep back
Hold back!
your servant
your servant
not
upon, over (down-upon)
have dominion
they shall rule
over me
—
then
at-that-time
I shall be blameless
Completion (proper name)
and I shall be clear
and I have been cleared
from presumptuous sin
from rebellion
great
great
Verse 14
גַּ֤ם
𐤂𐤌
gam
also
also
HTa
מִ/זֵּדִ֨ים
𐤌/𐤆𐤃𐤉𐤌
mizedim
from presumptuous sins
from the seething-arrogant ones
HR/Aampa
חֲשֹׂ֬ךְ
𐤇𐤔𐤊
chasokhe
keep back
Hold back!
HVqv2ms
עַבְדֶּ֗/ךָ
𐤏𐤁𐤃/𐤊
avedekha
your servant
your servant
HNcmsc/Sp2ms
אַֽל
𐤀𐤋
al
not
upon, over (down-upon)
HTn
יִמְשְׁלוּ
𐤉𐤌𐤔𐤋𐤅
yimeshelu
have dominion
they shall rule
HVqj3mp
בִ֣/י
𐤁/𐤉
vi
over me
HR/Sp1cs
אָ֣ז
𐤀𐤆
az
then
at-that-time
HD
אֵיתָ֑ם
𐤀𐤉𐤕𐤌
eytam
I shall be blameless
Completion (proper name)
HVqi1cs
וְ֝/נִקֵּ֗יתִי
𐤅/𐤍𐤒𐤉𐤕𐤉
veniqeyti
and I shall be clear
and I have been cleared
HC/Vpq1cs
מִ/פֶּ֥שַֽׁע
𐤌/𐤐𐤔𐤏
mipesha
from presumptuous sin
from rebellion
HR/Ncmsa
רָֽב
𐤓𐤁
rav
great
great
HAamsa
Let them be
they shall come-to-be
for favor
for favor-delight
words of
sayings of
my mouth
my mouth
and meditation
and murmuring-meditation of
of my heart
my inner-heart
before you
to your faces
YHWH
the Being One
my Rock
my rock-refuge
and my Redeemer
and my kinsman-redeemer
Verse 15
יִֽהְי֥וּ
𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤅
yiheyu
Let them be
they shall come-to-be
HVqi3mp
לְ/רָצ֨וֹן
𐤋/𐤓𐤑𐤅𐤍
leratson
for favor
for favor-delight
HR/Ncmsa
אִמְרֵי
𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤉
imerey
words of
sayings of
HNcmpc
פִ֡/י
𐤐/𐤉
fi
my mouth
my mouth
HNcmsc/Sp1cs
וְ/הֶגְי֣וֹן
𐤅/𐤄𐤂𐤉𐤅𐤍
vehegeyon
and meditation
and murmuring-meditation of
HC/Ncmsc
לִבִּ֣/י
𐤋𐤁/𐤉
libi
of my heart
my inner-heart
HNcmsc/Sp1cs
לְ/פָנֶ֑י/ךָ
𐤋/𐤐𐤍𐤉/𐤊
lefaneykha
before you
to your faces
HR/Ncbpc/Sp2ms
יְ֝הוָ֗ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
the Being One
HNp
צוּרִ֥/י
𐤑𐤅𐤓/𐤉
tsuri
my Rock
my rock-refuge
HNcmsc/Sp1cs
וְ/גֹאֲלִֽ/י
𐤅/𐤂𐤀𐤋/𐤉
vegoali
and my Redeemer
and my kinsman-redeemer
HC/Vqrmsc/Sp1cs