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ἕβδομος

hébdomos

G1442 determiner

SILEX Entry

Definition

Ordinal form indicating position seven in a series; 'seventh' (that which is number seven in an ordered sequence), primarily used for time periods, sequences, or items ranked in order. Also may indicate participation in the seventh group or portion in a series.

Semantic Range

seventh in a sequence, seventh day, seventh year, seventh item, member of the seventh group or division, seventh instance in temporal or ordinal arrangements

Root / Etymology

From the cardinal number ἑπτά (hepta, 'seven') with the ordinal suffix -ος (-os) to form the ordinal number; cognate with classical Greek ἕβδομος. No clear evidence of borrowing from non-Greek languages.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The word ἕβδομος is consistently used as the ordinal 'seventh' throughout classical and Koine Greek corpora, including the Septuagint and the New Testament. In biblical usage, it commonly describes the seventh day (e.g., the Sabbath, τὸ σάββατον), the seventh year (e.g., sabbatical year), or other sequential contexts such as lists, festivals, or divisions. The concept generally denotes the position in a formally numbered sequence rather than qualitative distinctiveness. The Septuagint retains the Hebrew ordinal pattern, and English translations correspond effectively as 'seventh.' The form is productive in forming compound phrases (e.g., ἡ ἑβδόμη ἡμέρα, 'the seventh day'). There is no evidence of significant semantic extension beyond the ordinal meaning. Unlike some Greek ordinal numbers, ἕβδομος maintains a straightforward correspondence to the cardinal base without idiomatic or metaphorical usage in biblical literature.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

ordinal from ἑπτά; seventh:--seventh.

Root Family

ἕβδομος (hebdomos) — seven, seventh (ordinal)

Root ἑπτά seven, seventh (ordinal)

Word Forms

5 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G1442-04 ἕβδομος ebdomos ADJ.S NOM M SG seventh seventh one seventh 4
G1442-02 ἑβδόμην ebdomen DET ACC F SG seventh seventh seventh 2
G1442-05 ἑβδόμου ebdomou DET GEN M SG seventh of the seventh seventh 1
G1442-03 ἑβδόμης ebdomes ADJ.S GEN F SG seventh of the seventh seventh 1
G1442-01 ἑβδόμῃ ebdome DET DAT F SG seventh to the seventh seventh 1

Occurrences in Scripture

9 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G1442-02 John 4:52 ἑβδόμην ebdomen DET ACC F SG seventh seventh seventh
G1442-03 Hebrews 4:4 ἑβδόμης ebdomes ADJ.S GEN F SG seventh of the seventh seventh
G1442-01 Hebrews 4:4 ἑβδόμῃ ebdome DET DAT F SG seventh to the seventh seventh
G1442-04 Jude 1:14 ἕβδομος ebdomos ADJ.S NOM M SG seventh seventh one seventh
G1442-02 Revelation 8:1 ἑβδόμην ebdomen DET ACC F SG seventh seventh seventh
G1442-05 Revelation 10:7 ἑβδόμου ebdomou DET GEN M SG seventh of the seventh seventh
G1442-04 Revelation 11:15 ἕβδομος ebdomos DET NOM M SG seventh seventh one seventh one
G1442-04 Revelation 16:17 ἕβδομος ebdomos DET NOM M SG seventh seventh one seventh one
G1442-04 Revelation 21:20 ἕβδομος ebdomos ADJ.S NOM M SG seventh seventh one seventh
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