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ἔκδοτος

ékdotos

G1560 substantive adjective

SILEX Entry

Definition

Given over, handed over, or delivered to the control or authority of another; typically used of the act of surrendering, transferring, or relinquishing someone or something, either in a neutral or a hostile context. In some contexts, specifically refers to being betrayed or handed over to enemies or authorities.

Semantic Range

given over, handed over, surrendered, delivered, released to someone else's authority (sometimes with the nuance of being betrayed or abandoned)

Root / Etymology

From ἐκ ('out of, from') and the verbal stem of δίδωμι ('to give'), forming a verbal adjective meaning 'given out,' thus 'surrendered' or 'delivered over.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

ἔκδοτος is a verbal adjective, rarely used, corresponding to the act of transferring authority or possession, often forcibly or under duress. In Greek literature, the term sometimes has the sense of being betrayed, but does not inherently entail treachery; the emphasis is on the act of transfer or surrender. In the New Testament (e.g., Acts 2:23) it is used of Jesus as having been 'handed over'—a context later tradition renders as 'betrayed' or 'delivered'—but the Greek itself emphasizes the act of surrender, not necessarily the motivation. In the Septuagint and other early Jewish writings, ἔκδοτος may translate Hebrew terms for giving up or surrendering persons to others. English translations often obscure the nuance: 'delivered up' or 'handed over' may imply mere transfer rather than active betrayal. The term is distinct from παραδίδωμι ('to betray, hand over'), which is more commonly used and can denote active betrayal, while ἔκδοτος is more descriptive of the state resulting from transfer.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ἐκ and a derivative of δίδωμι; given out or over, i.e. surrendered:--delivered.

Root Family

ἔκδοτος (ekdotos) — given over, delivered, surrendered

Root δοτ- to give, to deliver, to surrender

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G1560-01 ἔκδοτον ekdoton ADJ.S ACC M SG delivered up the surrendered one the delivered up one 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G1560-01 Acts 2:23 ἔκδοτον ekdoton ADJ.S ACC M SG delivered up the surrendered one the delivered up one
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