ἐνυβρίζω
enybrízō
G1796 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To treat insolently, show contempt toward, insult. The verb indicates the act of behaving toward someone with insolence, arrogance, or outrageous disrespect, often manifesting in word or action. In some contexts, it may emphasize public contempt or deliberate abuse, both verbal and nonverbal.
Semantic Range
to insult, to treat with contempt, to show insolent disrespect, to abuse or outrage, to heap shame upon, to treat despitefully
Root / Etymology
From the preposition ἐν ('in, into') and the verb ὑβρίζω ('to commit hubris, to insult, to mistreat with violence or arrogance'). The compound intensifies the sense of acting with insolence or actively subjecting someone to insult or contempt. The structure suggests 'to treat someone in a manner of hubris' or 'to be insolent toward.'
Historical & Contextual Notes
The verb ἐνυβρίζω appears in Hellenistic sources with the sense of heaping contempt or abusive insolence upon another, often in the sense of a public shaming or action that goes beyond mere insult to demonstrative disrespect. In the Septuagint and New Testament, its usage reflects practices of outright rejection or humiliation, particularly in contexts where authority or sacred persons are concerned (e.g., Luke 18:32, referring to the mockery and abuse of Jesus). The resonance with the notion of 'hubris'—a culturally significant term in Greek thought denoting violent transgression against another or the gods—contributes to its intensity; ὑβρίζω, its root, often conveyed legal or ethical outrage in classical literature. English translations sometimes obscure the public and performative aspect of ἐνυβρίζω by rendering as 'despitefully use' or 'insult,' but the term frequently implies active, overt desecration or contempt. In contrast to simple insult (λοιδορέω) or mocking (ἐμπαίζω), ἐνυβρίζω carries greater weight of abusive action or heightened insolence.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from ἐν and ὑβρίζω; to insult:--do despite unto.
Root Family
ὑβρίζω (enybrízō) — to insult, to mistreat, to act with insolence
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1796-01 |
ἐνυβρίσας | enubrisas | V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG |
having insulted | having insolently mistreated | having insolently mistreated | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
1 occurrence
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1796-01 |
Hebrews 10:29 | ἐνυβρίσας | enubrisas | V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG |
having insulted | having insolently mistreated | having insolently mistreated |