ἔξω (G1854) — Greek Lexicon — Scattered Israelites

ἔξω

éxō

G1854 adverb

SILEX Entry

Definition

As an adverb, ἔξω primarily means 'outside' (i.e., in the outer space beyond a boundary or limit), either in a literal, physical sense (beyond an enclosed place, building, or settlement) or in a figurative or conceptual sense (outside a group, relationship, or condition). It may denote being away from a location, separated from a group, or lying outside a prescribed sphere. In extended usage, it can indicate exclusion, being apart, or removed from a situation or relationship.

Semantic Range

outside (in a physical or spatial sense), beyond (boundary), away from (a place or group), out of doors, excluded (social or legal), not belonging (to a group or category), apart (from a relationship or covenant)

Root / Etymology

From the preposition ἐκ ('out of') with the adverbial ending -ω; etymologically, ἔξω is a comparative/adverbial formation indicating location or direction from the root ἐκ.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, ἔξω appears as early as Homer, especially in spatial contexts (e.g., outside a house, city). Its primary sense remains spatial: physical location external to a space. By the Hellenistic and Koine periods, including the Septuagint and New Testament, the term extends to social, figurative, or even legal exclusion (e.g., 'those outside' meaning persons not part of a defined group or covenant). In the New Testament, ἔξω can denote those not belonging to the gathered assembly (cf. Colossians 4:5, 'outsiders') or being cast/excluded from a community or relationship. English translations often render ἔξω as 'outside' or 'away,' but at times as 'without' or 'beyond,' depending on context. The range of meaning overlaps with related terms like ἐκτός (meaning 'outside of,' with a slightly different sense of exclusion or exceptionality). Use in both literal and metaphorical senses is consistent with broader Koine Greek usage.

Translation Consistency

primary "outside" 62 occurrences

'Outside' is the clear, natural, and most common English rendering for ἔξω in both literal spatial senses and extended/figurative senses (excluded, apart, beyond). It appears overwhelmingly in the P2 data and cleanly covers 'out of doors,' 'beyond a boundary,' and 'excluded from a group,' giving a single, consistent word that fits typical usage without awkwardness.

✓ All renderings match approved senses

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

adverb from ἐκ; out(-side, of doors), literally or figuratively:--away, forth, (with-)out (of, -ward), strange.

Root Family

ἔξω (exō) — outside, beyond, out from, apart from

Root ἐξ- to be outside, to be out, to be beyond

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
G2240	ἥκω	outside

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G1854-01`	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside	63

Occurrences in Scripture

63 occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G1854-01`	Matthew 5:13	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 10:14	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out of	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 12:46	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 12:47	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 13:48	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	away	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 21:17	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out of	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 21:39	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 26:69	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Matthew 26:75	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 1:45	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 3:31	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 3:32	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 4:11	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 5:10	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 8:23	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 11:4	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 11:19	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 12:8	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Mark 14:68	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 1:10	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 4:29	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 8:20	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 13:25	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 13:28	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 13:33	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 14:35	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 20:15	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Luke 22:62	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 6:37	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside
`G1854-01`	John 9:34	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 9:35	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 11:43	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	forth	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 12:31	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 15:6	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 18:16	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 18:29	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 19:4	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 19:4	ἔξω	exo-2	`ADV`	forth	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 19:5	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 19:13	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	John 20:11	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 4:15	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 5:34	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 7:58	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 9:40	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 14:19	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 16:13	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 16:30	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 21:5	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 21:30	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Acts 26:11	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	foreign	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	1 Corinthians 5:12	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	1 Corinthians 5:13	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	2 Corinthians 4:16	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outer	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Colossians 4:5	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	1 Thessalonians 4:12	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Hebrews 13:11	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Hebrews 13:12	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Hebrews 13:13	ἔξω	exo	`PREP GEN`	outside	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	1 John 4:18	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Revelation 3:12	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Revelation 11:2	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	out	outside	outside
`G1854-01`	Revelation 22:15	ἔξω	exo	`ADV`	Outside	outside	outside

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