ἔριφος

ériphos

G2056 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

A young goat, specifically a kid, with occasional reference to a young animal distinguished by age or size; the primary sense is a juvenile goat, as opposed to an adult one. In some contexts, may generically refer to a small, immature goat as distinct from mature goats (αἴξ). Rarely, can be used metaphorically to denote youth or immaturity in other animals.

Semantic Range

a young goat, kid; young animal in a goat herd; juvenile animal (rare); specifically used for sacrificial animals in some contexts

Root / Etymology

From ἔριον ('wool') or a related stem, likely through the association of goats with their hairiness; however, direct derivation is uncertain. The root connects with terms referring to the species or their fleece.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The term ἔριφος appears infrequently in the Greek Bible, and where it does, it almost always designates a young goat (kid), as opposed to the more general αἴξ (goat) for adult animals. In Septuagint usage, it is typically employed in lists or sacrificial contexts to specify a young goat, corresponding to Hebrew גְּדִי (gədī) in sacrificial regulations. In post-classical and Koine usage, the term fares similarly, although it may have a more technical or ritual nuance depending on the context. English translations traditionally render ἔριφος as "kid" or "young goat," but the technical sacrificial sense may not be fully transparent. The term carries no special metaphorical or symbolic weight in New Testament or contemporary literature, and should not be confused with words denoting adult goats, sheep, or lambs. In extra-biblical Greek, ἔριφος can occasionally be used more broadly for the young of other small-horned animals, but goat remains the primary referent.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

perhaps from the same as ἔριον (through the idea of hairiness); a kid or (genitive case) goat:--goat, kid.

Root Family

ἔριφ- (ériphos) — young goat, kid

Root ἔριφ- young goat, kid

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G2056-01 ἐρίφων eriphon N GEN M PL goats of young goats a young goat 2

Occurrences in Scripture

2 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G2056-01 Matthew 25:32 ἐρίφων eriphon N GEN M PL goats of young goats young goats
G2056-01 Luke 15:29 ἔριφον eriphon N ACC M SG kid of young goats a young goat