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ἴδιος

ídios

G2398 determiner

SILEX Entry

Definition

Pertaining to oneself or one's own; belonging to or associated with a specific person, entity, or group. The term fundamentally denotes possession or close association and may describe what is proper, characteristic, peculiar, or exclusive to the subject. In a broader sense, it is used to distinguish what is private, particular, or distinct from what is general, common, or public. Contextually, it can refer to personal property, family, home, characteristics, duties, or identity.

Semantic Range

one's own, belonging to self, private, individual, personal, distinct, proper, peculiar to, characteristic of, appropriate to, separate from others

Root / Etymology

The origin is uncertain; it is commonly connected with the same Indo-European root as the Latin 'suus' (one's own), possibly related to reflexive pronouns. The root in Greek is ἰδ- (related to one's own), but further etymology is unclear.

Historical & Contextual Notes

ἴδιος appears widely in classical, Hellenistic, and Koine Greek. In classical Greek it often signified something 'proper to' or 'peculiar to' an individual, distinguishing the private from the public sphere (e.g., ἴδιος βίος, one's private life; ἴδιος οἶκος, one's own house). By the Hellenistic and New Testament periods, it retains this core sense of 'belonging to' or 'pertaining to,' but is frequently used in participial or possessive constructions to contrast someone's or something's own with what belongs to others or is common. It is also strongly present in legal, philosophical, and everyday contexts to designate something distinct, characteristic, or particular. In the Septuagint and New Testament, ἴδιος can modify nouns referring to people, places, things, or abstractions (e.g., ἴδιος πόλις, one's hometown; ἴδιος υἱός, one's own son). English translations sometimes obscure this specificity, paraphrasing as 'own,' 'private,' or simply rendering the meaning as a possessive pronoun. Because English has less flexibility with possessive adjectives, nuance may be lost; the Greek may emphasize personal relationship or exclusive possession more strongly than standard English phrasing conveys. The term is distinct from κοινός ('common, shared'); while ἴδιος emphasizes what is individual or particular, κοινός refers to what is communal or held in common.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

of uncertain affinity; pertaining to self, i.e. one's own; by implication, private or separate:--X his acquaintance, when they were alone, apart, aside, due, his (own, proper, several), home, (her, our, thine, your) own (business), private(-ly), proper, severally, their (own).

Root Family

ἴδιος (idios) — one's own, belonging to, particular

Root ἰδ- one's own, belonging to, particular
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
G23977 one’s own things (neuter accusative/nominative plural); to/for one’s own (feminine singular dative)

Word Forms

11 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G2398-08 ἴδιον idion DET ACC M SG own one's own own 25
G2398-03 ἰδίαν idian DET ACC F SG privately one’s own one’s own 24
G2398-01 ἴδια idia PRO.D ACC N PL own one's own things own 18
G2398-10 ἰδίου idiou DET GEN M SG own of one's own own 11
G2398-07 ἰδίοις idiois DET DAT M PL own to one's own own 10
G2398-05 ἰδίῳ idio DET DAT M SG own to his own own 7
G2398-04 ἰδίας idias DET GEN F SG own of one's own own 6
G2398-11 ἰδίους idious DET ACC M PL own one's own ones own 5
G2398-02 ἰδίαις idiais DET DAT F PL own to one's own own 2
G2398-06 ἴδιοι idioi PRO.D NOM M PL own one’s own ones one’s own ones 1

Occurrences in Scripture

110 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G2398-03 Matthew 9:1 ἰδίαν idian DET ACC F SG own one’s own one’s own
G2398-03 Matthew 14:13 ἰδίαν idian PRO.X ACC F SG himself one’s own his own
G2398-03 Matthew 14:23 ἰδίαν idian PRO.X ACC F SG alone one’s own one’s own
G2398-03 Matthew 17:1 ἰδίαν idian PRO.X ACC F SG private one’s own themselves
G2398-03 Matthew 17:19 ἰδίαν idian PRO.X ACC F SG privately one’s own their own
G2398-03 Matthew 20:17 ἰδίαν idian PRO.X ACC F SG privately one’s own one’s own
G2398-08 Matthew 22:5 ἴδιον idion DET ACC M SG own one's own his own
G2398-03 Matthew 24:3 ἰδίαν idian PRO.X ACC F SG privately one’s own privately
G2398-11 Matthew 25:14 ἰδίους idious DET ACC M PL own one's own ones his own
G2398-03 Matthew 25:15 ἰδίαν idian DET ACC F SG own one’s own own
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