καίτοιγε
kaítoige
G2544 coordinating conjunction
SILEX Entry
Definition
A conjunction meaning 'and yet indeed,' used to introduce a statement that stands in contrast to what might be expected from the preceding argument or context; used to express concession or contrast with greater emphasis than καίτοι ('and yet').
Semantic Range
yet indeed, nevertheless, though in fact, although really, notwithstanding, and yet, all the same
Root / Etymology
From the conjunctions καί ('and, even, also') and τοι ('indeed, surely'), with the enclitic γέ ('at least, indeed') added for intensive or emphatic effect.
Historical & Contextual Notes
First attested in classical Greek (see e.g. Plato), καίτοιγε is primarily a literary connector indicating strong concessive nuance—'and yet indeed,' 'nevertheless,' or 'notwithstanding.' Compared to the simpler καίτοι, the addition of γέ provides extra emphasis. In Hellenistic and Koine Greek, including the New Testament and Septuagint, the word maintains its function as an emphatic concessive, often marking a transition or an unexpected development within a sentence. Standard English translations often render it as 'yet,' 'nevertheless,' or 'though,' but these may understate its forceful connective quality. It rarely introduces a subordinate clause but instead strengthens a comment or explains away an expected conclusion. Related forms: καίτοι (less emphatic), ἀλλά (but, on the contrary).
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from καίτοι and γέ; and yet indeed, i.e. although really:--nevertheless, though.
Root Family
καίτοιγε (kaitoige) — and yet indeed, nevertheless, although really, notwithstanding
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G2544-01 |
καίτοιγε | kaitoige | CONJ |
although | and yet indeed | although indeed | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
1 occurrence
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G2544-01 |
John 4:2 | καίτοιγε | kaitoige | CONJ |
although | and yet indeed | although indeed |