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ἀναγινώσκω

anaginṓskō

G314 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To read (written or inscribed material), to recognize or understand written symbols as conveying meaning, with the core sense of 'reading aloud' or 'reading to comprehend.' In some contexts especially in the New Testament and Septuagint, it denotes the public reading of sacred texts or documents. Semantic range includes reading privately, reading aloud to a group, or recognizing writing.

Semantic Range

to read, to read aloud, to recognize written symbols, to read publicly, to recite from written text

Root / Etymology

From the preposition ἀνά ('up, again') and the verb γινώσκω ('to know, to perceive, to recognize'). The compound form suggests the idea of 'knowing again' or 'recognizing' (i.e., written signs), hence 'to read.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, ἀναγινώσκω appears from the Hellenistic period onward, reflecting Greek literacy and evolving textual practices. Its core meaning is the act of reading a written document, especially aloud; this distinguished it from private, silent reading, which was rare in antiquity. In the Septuagint, it often refers to the public reading of the Law or other Scripture (e.g., Nehemiah 8:3), a meaning carried over into New Testament usage (e.g., Luke 4:16, Acts 13:27). The verb is not limited to sacred texts and can denote reading any document, letter, or inscription. Standard English translations as 'read' capture the main meaning, but may not convey the orality or public context implied in many ancient uses. There is some overlap with γινώσκω when referring to 'recognition' of letters or writing, but ἀναγινώσκω is textually and contextually specific to reading written material.

Translation Consistency

primary "read" 32 occurrences

“Read” naturally covers the full SILEX range: recognizing written symbols, reading silently or aloud, and public/ liturgical reading of texts. It is the most common and idiomatic English rendering in the occurrences and fits the typical New Testament/Septuagint use of ἀναγινώσκω.

✓ All renderings match approved senses

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ἀνά and γινώσκω; to know again, i.e. (by extension) to read:--read.

Root Family

γινώσκω (anaginṓskō) — to know, to recognize, to read (written text)

Root γινώσκω to know, to recognize, to read (written text)

Word Forms

18 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G314-18 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read 10
G314-07 ἀναγινώσκων anaginoskon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG one reading the one reading the one reading 3
G314-01 ἀναγινώσκεις anaginoskeis V PRS ACT IND 2P SG do you read you are reading you are reading 2
G314-12 ἀναγνωσθῇ anagnosthe V AOR PASS SUBJ 3P SG it be read may be read aloud is read aloud 2
G314-16 ἀνεγίνωσκεν aneginosken V IMPF ACT IND 3P SG he was reading was reading he was reading 2
G314-02 ἀναγινώσκηται anaginosketai V PRS PASS SUBJ 3P SG is read may be read be read 1
G314-03 ἀναγινώσκετε anaginoskete V PRS ACT IND 2P PL you read you are reading you are reading 1
G314-04 ἀναγινωσκομένας anaginoskomenas V PRS PASS PTCP ACC F PL being read being read being read 1
G314-05 ἀναγινωσκομένη anaginoskomene V PRS PASS PTCP NOM F SG read being read being read 1
G314-06 ἀναγινωσκόμενος anaginoskomenos V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M SG being-read being read aloud being read aloud 1

Occurrences in Scripture

32 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G314-18 Matthew 12:3 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read
G314-18 Matthew 12:5 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read
G314-18 Matthew 19:4 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read
G314-18 Matthew 21:16 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL did you read you read you read
G314-18 Matthew 21:42 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL did you read you read you read
G314-18 Matthew 22:31 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read
G314-07 Matthew 24:15 ἀναγινώσκων anaginoskon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG reading the one reading the one reading
G314-18 Mark 2:25 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL read you read you read
G314-18 Mark 12:10 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read
G314-18 Mark 12:26 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have ye read you read you read
G314-07 Mark 13:14 ἀναγινώσκων anaginoskon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG one reading the one reading the one reading
G314-10 Luke 4:16 ἀναγνῶναι anagnonai V AOR ACT INF to read to read to read
G314-18 Luke 6:3 ἀνέγνωτε anegnote V AOR ACT IND 2P PL have you read you read you read
G314-01 Luke 10:26 ἀναγινώσκεις anaginoskeis V PRS ACT IND 2P SG do you read you are reading you are reading
G314-17 John 19:20 ἀνέγνωσαν anegnosan V AOR ACT IND 3P PL read they read they read
G314-16 Acts 8:28 ἀνεγίνωσκεν aneginosken V IMPF ACT IND 3P SG reading was reading he was reading
G314-09 Acts 8:30 ἀναγινώσκοντος anaginoskontos V PRS ACT PTCP GEN M SG reading of the one reading reading
G314-01 Acts 8:30 ἀναγινώσκεις anaginoskeis V PRS ACT IND 2P SG you are reading you are reading you are reading
G314-16 Acts 8:32 ἀνεγίνωσκεν aneginosken V IMPF ACT IND 3P SG he was reading was reading he was reading
G314-04 Acts 13:27 ἀναγινωσκομένας anaginoskomenas V PRS PASS PTCP ACC F PL being read being read being read
G314-06 Acts 15:21 ἀναγινωσκόμενος anaginoskomenos V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M SG being-read being read aloud being read aloud
G314-11 Acts 15:31 ἀναγνόντες anagnontes V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M PL having read it having read having read
G314-15 Acts 23:34 ἀναγνοὺς anagnous V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG having read having read having read
G314-03 2 Corinthians 1:13 ἀναγινώσκετε anaginoskete V PRS ACT IND 2P PL you read you are reading you are reading
G314-05 2 Corinthians 3:2 ἀναγινωσκομένη anaginoskomene V PRS PASS PTCP NOM F SG read being read being read
G314-02 2 Corinthians 3:15 ἀναγινώσκηται anaginosketai V PRS PASS SUBJ 3P SG is read may be read be read
G314-08 Ephesians 3:4 ἀναγινώσκοντες anaginoskontes V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL reading reading aloud reading
G314-12 Colossians 4:16 ἀναγνωσθῇ anagnosthe V AOR PASS SUBJ 3P SG it is read may be read aloud is read aloud
G314-12 Colossians 4:16 ἀναγνωσθῇ anagnosthe-2 V AOR PASS SUBJ 3P SG it be read may be read aloud is read aloud
G314-14 Colossians 4:16 ἀναγνῶτε anagnote V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P PL read you (plural) may read read
G314-13 1 Thessalonians 5:27 ἀναγνωσθῆναι anagnosthenai V AOR PASS INF to be read to be read to be read
G314-07 Revelation 1:3 ἀναγινώσκων anaginoskon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG reads the one reading the one reading
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