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ὀνειδίζω

oneidízō

G3679 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To reproach, disgrace, or insult someone verbally, emphasizing the act of subjecting another to dishonor or contempt through disparaging speech. In wider contexts, the term can also extend to the act of criticizing, taunting, shaming, or ridiculing, particularly in a public or pointed manner. In passive constructions, it refers to being subjected to such verbal shame or reproach.

Semantic Range

to reproach (publicly or personally), to insult, to shame, to upbraid, to taunt, to ridicule, to cast reproach on, to revile

Root / Etymology

From ὄνειδος (oneidos, 'reproach, disgrace') with the verb-forming ending –ίζω, indicating 'to treat or regard with ὄνειδος; to heap reproach upon.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

In Classical Greek, ὀνειδίζω is used of direct verbal reproach, insult, or shaming, often in the sense of censuring someone for a perceived fault, guilt, or dishonor. In the Septuagint, it translates Hebrew terms denoting 'to taunt, insult, scorn,' carrying a strong sense of dishonoring or shaming in the eyes of others. In the New Testament, ὀνειδίζω frequently describes the experience of being publicly reproached or reviled for one's beliefs, actions, or identity, often in the context of social or religious conflict. The passive form indicates being the recipient of such social disgrace or hostile speech. English translations such as 'revile', 'upbraid', 'reproach', and 'insult' partially reflect the sense, though the term generally carries more emotional and social weight than mere criticism or correction. Distinct from related words like λοιδορέω (to abuse) or βλασφημέω (to blaspheme/slander), ὀνειδίζω focuses on shaming, dishonoring, or disgracing someone via words — particularly by highlighting faults or failures.

Translation Consistency

primary "reproach" 9 occurrences

ὀνειδίζω most commonly carries the sense of subjecting someone to verbal shame, dishonor, or contempt. "Reproach" covers public and personal shaming, upbraiding, and casting disgrace (including passive uses: to be reproached), so it best preserves the full typical semantic range while matching the dominant renderings in the data.

✓ All renderings match approved senses

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ὄνειδος; to defame, i.e. rail at, chide, taunt:--cast in teeth, (suffer) reproach, revile, upbraid.

Root Family

ὀνειδίζω (oneidizō) — to shame, to reproach, to insult, to taunt

Root ὀνειδ- to shame, to reproach, to insult, to taunt

Word Forms

7 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G3679-05 ὠνείδιζον oneidizon V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL reviled they were reproaching they were reproaching 2
G3679-02 ὀνειδίσωσιν oneidisosin V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P PL reproach that they might reproach they might reproach 2
G3679-07 ὀνειδίζοντος oneidizontos V PRS ACT PTCP GEN M SG reproach. of the one reproaching the one reproaching 1
G3679-01 ὠνείδισεν oneidisen V AOR ACT IND 3P SG he rebuked he reproached he reproached 1
G3679-03 ὀνειδίζειν oneidizein V PRS ACT INF to denounce to reproach to reproach 1
G3679-06 ὀνειδιζόντων oneidizonton V PRS ACT PTCP GEN M PL those who reproached of those reproaching reproaching 1
G3679-04 ὀνειδίζεσθε oneidizesthe V PRS PASS IND 2P PL you are insulted you are being reproached you are being reproached 1

Occurrences in Scripture

9 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G3679-02 Matthew 5:11 ὀνειδίσωσιν oneidisosin V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P PL they-insult that they might reproach they might reproach
G3679-03 Matthew 11:20 ὀνειδίζειν oneidizein V PRS ACT INF to denounce to reproach to reproach
G3679-05 Matthew 27:44 ὠνείδιζον oneidizon V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL were insulting they were reproaching they were reproaching
G3679-05 Mark 15:32 ὠνείδιζον oneidizon V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL reviled they were reproaching they were reproaching
G3679-01 Mark 16:14 ὠνείδισεν oneidisen V AOR ACT IND 3P SG he rebuked he reproached he reproached
G3679-02 Luke 6:22 ὀνειδίσωσιν oneidisosin V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P PL reproach that they might reproach they might reproach
G3679-06 Romans 15:3 ὀνειδιζόντων oneidizonton V PRS ACT PTCP GEN M PL those who reproached of those reproaching reproaching
G3679-07 James 1:5 ὀνειδίζοντος oneidizontos V PRS ACT PTCP GEN M SG reproach. of the one reproaching the one reproaching
G3679-04 1 Peter 4:14 ὀνειδίζεσθε oneidizesthe V PRS PASS IND 2P PL you are insulted you are being reproached you are being reproached
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