οὔπω
oúpō
G3768 adverb
SILEX Entry
Definition
Negative temporal adverb meaning 'not yet'—indicates that a particular action or state has not occurred up to the present moment, but may occur in the future. Functions to emphasize the incompletion or ongoing expectation of an event. In various contexts, it marks absence or delay of an action, fact, or condition, with the possibility or implication of future fulfillment.
Semantic Range
not yet, up to this time not, as yet not, hitherto not, not up to now
Root / Etymology
Composed of the negative particle οὐ ('not') and the enclitic temporal particle -πω ('yet, still'). Used in combination to convey temporal negation; construction parallels the use of other Greek adverbial negatives.
Historical & Contextual Notes
οὔπω appears in both Classical and Koine Greek, though it is more frequently attested in later periods. In the New Testament and Hellenistic texts, it retains its strict temporal force ('not yet'), distinguishing it from the simple negative οὐ ('not'), which denies without temporal implication. In meaning, οὔπω is closely related to οὐδέπω ('not even yet'), which adds the force of 'not even at this point.' English translations use 'not yet,' 'hitherto not,' or 'as yet,' but these may fail to capture the precise aspect of anticipated or possible future realization inherent in οὔπω. Unlike μήπω ('not yet,' with subjunctive or in prohibitions), οὔπω is indicative and refers to actual situations or events. This word is found in narrative, dialogue, and didactic passages, marking the incomplete or pending status of an occurrence. In the Septuagint, usage is less common, but parallels exist in later Judean Greek writings and other Koine sources.
Translation Consistency
οὔπω is a negative temporal adverb meaning ‘not yet.’ The single-word English rendering “yet” is the most natural, common, and concise choice to mark incompletion or expectation across contexts (typically appearing with negation as “not yet” in English). It matches typical translations and provides a consistent rendering for all occurrences.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from οὐ and -πω; not yet:--hitherto not, (no…) as yet, not yet.
Root Family
οὔπω (oupō) — not, yet, not up to now
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G3768-01 |
οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet | 28 |
Occurrences in Scripture
28 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G3768-01 |
Matthew 15:17 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Matthew 16:9 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Matthew 24:6 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Mark 4:40 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Mark 8:17 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Mark 8:21 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Mark 11:2 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
never | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Mark 13:7 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
Luke 23:53 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
ever | not yet | not yet |
G3768-01 |
John 2:4 | οὔπω | oupo | ADV |
not yet | not yet | not yet |