πέντε
pénte
G4002 determiner
SILEX Entry
Definition
The cardinal number 'five'; indicates a set consisting of five items, units, or individuals. Used for literal enumeration, arithmetic, or as a symbolic quantity in various contexts. Also encountered in set expressions, measures, or titles incorporating the number five.
Semantic Range
the number five, group of five, fivefold, denoting quantity of five (people, objects, units)
Root / Etymology
From the Proto-Indo-European root *penkʷe, with cognates across Indo-European languages (Latin quinque, Sanskrit pañca, English five). Not derived from other Greek terms but a primary numeral.
Historical & Contextual Notes
πέντε is the standard word for the numeral 'five' in Greek, used from classical through Koine periods. The word appears in various kinds of texts—narrative, legal, poetic, and administrative—for both literal counting and in formulaic or idiomatic expressions (e.g., five loaves, five talents). In Hellenistic and New Testament contexts, πέντε retains its quantitative, concrete meaning, seldom (if ever) taking on extended or metaphorical senses. Contrast with ordinal πέμπτος ('fifth'). Septuagint and New Testament translations render Hebrew חָמֵשׁ (chamesh) and related numbers as πέντε. English versions always translate as 'five,' capturing the sense fully; no special nuance or loss in conventional translation. The form and use of πέντε is consistent with other Indo-European numeral systems, showing little semantic shift over time.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primary number; "five":--five.
Root Family
πέντε (pente) — five, count five, be five in number
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G4002-01 |
πέντε | pente | DET ACC M PL |
five | five | five | 38 |
Occurrences in Scripture
38 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G4002-01 |
Matthew 14:17 | πέντε | pente | DET ACC M PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 14:19 | πέντε | pente | DET ACC M PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 16:9 | πέντε | pente | DET ACC M PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:2 | πέντε | pente | ADJ.S NOM F PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:2 | πέντε | pente-2 | ADJ.S NOM F PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:15 | πέντε | pente | DET ACC N PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:16 | πέντε | pente | DET ACC N PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:16 | πέντε | pente-2 | DET ACC N PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:20 | πέντε | pente | DET ACC N PL |
five | five | five |
G4002-01 |
Matthew 25:20 | πέντε | pente-2 | DET ACC N PL |
five | five | five |