περίλυπος
perílypos
G4036 predicate adjective
SILEX Entry
Definition
Deeply distressed, profoundly sorrowful; experiencing intense grief or sadness that encompasses one's entire being. In contexts, refers to a state of overwhelming sorrow, emotional pain, or great distress.
Semantic Range
deeply sorrowful, overwhelmed by grief, intensely distressed, exceedingly sad, experiencing all-encompassing sorrow
Root / Etymology
From the preposition περί (around, about) and the noun λύπη (sorrow, grief), forming a compound meaning 'surrounded by sorrow.'
Historical & Contextual Notes
Used in Koine Greek, including the Septuagint and New Testament, to describe a state of acute emotional anguish. In the New Testament (e.g., Mark 14:34/Matthew 26:38), it describes Jesus’ deep distress in Gethsemane, stressing the completeness and intensity of his sorrow. The term is rare in earlier Greek but becomes more common in Hellenistic and later literature to express extreme or all-encompassing grief, distinct from simple λύπη which denotes generic sorrow or sadness. English translations often render it as 'exceedingly sorrowful,' 'deeply grieved,' or 'overwhelmed with sorrow,' but such phrases may not capture the term's emphasis on sorrow as a state that wholly surrounds a person. It is not a technical or religious term but conveys strong emotional intensity in secular and religious contexts.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from περί and λύπη; grieved all around, i.e. intensely sad:--exceeding (very) sorry(-owful).
Root Family
περίλυπος (perílypos) — around, about, sorrow, grief
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G4036-01 |
περίλυπός | perilupos | ADJ.P NOM F SG |
exceeding sorrowful | surrounded by sorrow | 4 |
Occurrences in Scripture
4 total occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G4036-01 |
Matthew 26:38 | περίλυπός | perilupos | ADJ.P NOM F SG |
surrounded by sorrow | |
G4036-01 |
Mark 6:26 | περίλυπος | perilupos | ADJ.P NOM M SG |
very sorrowful | surrounded by sorrow |
G4036-01 |
Mark 14:34 | περίλυπός | perilupos | ADJ.P NOM F SG |
exceeding sorrowful | surrounded by sorrow |
G4036-01 |
Luke 18:23 | περίλυπος | perilupos | ADJ.P NOM M SG |
very sad | surrounded by sorrow |