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προσκαλέομαι

proskaléomai

G4341 verb

SILEX Entry

Root καλέω, προσ- to call, to summon, to address

Definition

To summon or call someone to oneself; specifically, to invite or request someone to approach or come near. Frequently used in narrative contexts to denote an intentional act of calling a particular individual or group to one's presence or attention, either for instruction, dialogue, or action. The verb retains a reflexive or middle nuance, emphasizing that the calling is directed with some personal involvement or vested interest on the part of the subject.

Semantic Range

to summon to one's presence, to call toward oneself, to invite, to request the presence of, to send for

Root / Etymology

From πρός (towards, to) and καλέω (to call), forming a compound meaning 'to call to oneself.' The verb appears in the middle (deponent) form, indicating an action impacting the subject or being performed for their own purpose.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In Hellenistic and Koine Greek texts, προσκαλέομαι is found primarily in narrative and administrative contexts, especially in documentary papyri and in the New Testament to describe the action of a leader, teacher, or official calling individuals or groups into their presence (e.g., Jesus summoning disciples, authorities calling others for inquiry). The verb does not carry nuances of formal or ceremonial invitation as might be attached to other terms, nor does it possess the stylized tone of classical assembly summonsing. In the Septuagint, it is less common, but where found, it similarly indicates the summoning of persons or groups to a leader or authority. Common English translations such as 'call,' 'summon,' or occasionally 'invite' reflect part of its sense, but may not capture the inherent reflexive (middle) emphasis of the Greek. The term differs from simple καλέω by introducing the proximity goal (to oneself). In documentary Greek, the usage may reflect administrative acts (summoning witnesses, attendants, etc.).

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

middle voice from πρός and καλέω; to call toward oneself, i.e. summon, invite:--call (for, to, unto).

Root Family

προσκαλέομαι (proskaleomai) — to call, to summon, to invite, to call toward oneself

Word Forms

8 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
G4341-04 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself 20
G4341-03 προσκαλεσάμενοι proskalesamenoi V AOR MID PTCP NOM M PL having called having summoned to themselves 2
G4341-02 προσκαλεῖται proskaleitai V PRS MID IND 3P SG He called he summons to himself 2
G4341-06 προσκαλέσηται proskalesetai V AOR MID SUBJ 3P SG shall call might summon to himself 1
G4341-05 προσκαλεσάσθω proskalesastho V AOR MID IMP 3P SG let him call for let him summon to himself 1
G4341-01 προσεκαλέσατο prosekalesato V AOR MID IND 3P SG called he summoned to himself 1
G4341-07 προσκέκλημαι proskeklemai V PRF MID IND 1P SG I have called I have summoned to myself 1
G4341-08 προσκέκληται proskekletai V PRF MID IND 3P SG had called has summoned to himself 1

Occurrences in Scripture

29 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
G4341-04 Matthew 10:1 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 15:10 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 15:32 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 18:2 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 18:32 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 20:25 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned to himself
G4341-02 Mark 3:13 προσκαλεῖται proskaleitai V PRS MID IND 3P SG He called he summons to himself
G4341-04 Mark 3:23 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself
G4341-02 Mark 6:7 προσκαλεῖται proskaleitai V PRS MID IND 3P SG he calls he summons to himself
G4341-04 Mark 7:14 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG he had called having summoned to himself
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