σανδάλιον

sandálion

G4547 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

A sandal; specifically, a type of footwear worn on the foot, typically consisting of a flat sole held onto the foot by straps or thongs. In Koine Greek, describes an item of dress for the foot designed for practical protection while walking, often associated with ordinary or travel clothing rather than formal or ceremonial attire.

Semantic Range

sandal, type of open footwear, slipper, sole-pad, simple shoe

Root / Etymology

Etymology uncertain. Possibly derived from a pre-Greek or Anatolian substrate, as suggested by the -ιον(-ion) diminutive ending and comparison to related terms (e.g. Latin sandalium; perhaps related to the earlier form σανδάλη (sandálē)). Not transparently derived from any known Greek root.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The term σανδάλιον enters the Koine Greek vocabulary as a common reference to practical footwear. In classical Greek, the related word σανδάλη (feminine) was attested, and σανδάλιον (neuter) emerges later, often with a diminutive or particularizing sense. In the Septuagint and New Testament, σανδάλιον is mentioned as a typical item of footwear, without intrinsic ceremonial or symbolic significance. In Mark 6:9, Jesus instructs his followers to wear only sandals, contrasting them with other, more protective or formal footwear (e.g. ὑποδήματα). The Latin 'sandalium' is a direct borrowing, but the English 'sandal' derives from Latin. In Greek-speaking culture, footwear terminology distinguished between simple, open sandals (σανδάλιον), closed shoes or boots (ὑποδήματα), and other footwear (e.g. κάλτσα for socks, though far less common). The standard translation as 'sandal' adequately reflects the item's everyday significance, though in some English versions the broader term 'shoe' is sometimes used, which may obscure the original's referent. The term's meaning is practical and material rather than symbolic or ritualistic.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

neuter of a derivative of (a "sandal"; of uncertain origin); a slipper or sole-pad:--sandal.

Root Family

σανδάλιον (sandálion) — footwear, sandal

Root σανδαλ- footwear, sandal

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4547-01 σανδάλια sandalia N ACC N PL sandals sandals sandals 2

Occurrences in Scripture

2 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4547-01 Mark 6:9 σανδάλια sandalia N ACC N PL sandals sandals sandals
G4547-01 Acts 12:8 σανδάλιά sandalia N ACC N PL sandals sandals sandals