ἀνταποδίδωμι
antapodídōmi
G467 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To give back in return, repay, or recompense; refers to the act of returning something owed, whether favor, obligation, or retribution. In context, may denote repayment of debts, recompense for actions (good or bad), or rendering in accordance with what is due.
Semantic Range
to repay, to give back, to render, to recompense, to requite (good or evil), to return a favor, to pay a debt, to make restitution
Root / Etymology
Compound verb formed from ἀντί ('in return, instead of') and ἀποδίδωμι ('to give back, to pay'), thus meaning 'to give back in return' or 'to repay'.
Historical & Contextual Notes
ἀνταποδίδωμι appears in Koine Greek primarily in judicial, ethical, and social contexts, often conveying the idea of retribution or reciprocity—paying back in kind, whether positive or negative. It is found in the Septuagint where it regularly translates Hebrew terms for recompense or retribution (e.g., שָׁלַם shalam), as well as in the New Testament (e.g., Romans 12:17; 1 Thessalonians 5:15) where it speaks of returning good for good, or resisting the urge to return evil for evil. While English translations often use 'repay,' 'render,' or 'recompense,' these can obscure the reciprocal and judicial nuance present in ancient usage—sometimes pointing to divine, legal, or social justice, not only interpersonal exchange. Classical and Hellenistic Greek uses it in legal or economic transactions (repayment of money, debt) and in moral or ethical teaching (paying back kindness or vengeance). Notably distinct from simple return (ἀποδίδωμι), as the prefix ἀντί strengthens the idea of 'in exchange' or 'as a counterpart.'
Translation Consistency
“Repay” is the most natural and commonly used English term that covers the full semantic range (give back, recompense, requite, pay a debt). It is the dominant rendering in the existing P2 data and comfortably handles both positive and negative recompense, making it the best single base verb for consistent use across all forms of G467.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from ἀντί and ἀποδίδωμι; to requite (good or evil):--recompense, render, repay.
Root Family
ἀνταποδίδωμι (antapodidōmi) — give back, return, repay, recompense
Word Forms
3 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G467-03 |
ἀνταποδοῦναί | antapodounai | V AOR ACT INF |
to repay | to repay in return | to repay in return | 3 |
G467-02 |
ἀνταποδοθήσεται | antapodothesetai | V FUT PASS IND 3P SG |
it will be repaid | will be repaid | it will be repaid | 2 |
G467-01 |
ἀνταποδώσω | antapodoso | V FUT ACT IND 1P SG |
will repay | I will repay | I will repay | 2 |
Occurrences in Scripture
7 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G467-03 |
Luke 14:14 | ἀνταποδοῦναί | antapodounai | V AOR ACT INF |
to repay | to repay in return | to repay in return |
G467-02 |
Luke 14:14 | ἀνταποδοθήσεται | antapodothesetai | V FUT PASS IND 3P SG |
it will be repaid | will be repaid | it will be repaid |
G467-02 |
Romans 11:35 | ἀνταποδοθήσεται | antapodothesetai | V FUT PASS IND 3P SG |
it will be repaid | will be repaid | it will be repaid |
G467-01 |
Romans 12:19 | ἀνταποδώσω | antapodoso | V FUT ACT IND 1P SG |
will repay | I will repay | I will repay |
G467-03 |
1 Thessalonians 3:9 | ἀνταποδοῦναι | antapodounai | V AOR ACT INF |
in return | to repay in return | to repay in return |
G467-03 |
2 Thessalonians 1:6 | ἀνταποδοῦναι | antapodounai | V AOR ACT INF |
to repay | to repay in return | to repay in return |
G467-01 |
Hebrews 10:30 | ἀνταποδώσω | antapodoso | V FUT ACT IND 1P SG |
will repay | I will repay | I will repay |