σφοδρῶς
sphodrōs
G4971 adverb
SILEX Entry
Definition
As an adverb, indicates a very high degree or intensity; 'exceedingly, very much, greatly.' Used to intensify statements or descriptions, expressing abundance, strength, or extremity of a quality or state.
Semantic Range
exceedingly, very much, greatly, intensely, with great force, with vehemence
Root / Etymology
Derived from σφόδρα (sphodra), which itself is an adverb meaning 'very, exceedingly.' The form σφοδρῶς represents an adverbial formation (ending -ῶς) on the stem. Related to the adjective σφοδρός (sphodros), 'violent, vehement, strong.' Ultimately from the root σφοδρ-, denoting force or intensity.
Historical & Contextual Notes
In classical Greek, the adjective σφοδρός denotes 'violent, vehement, strong,' especially of physical force or emotional intensity. The adverb σφόδρα was commonly used in Hellenistic and Koine Greek, often appearing in the Septuagint and New Testament to strengthen verbal phrases—e.g., 'very much afraid,' 'exceedingly glad.' The form σφοδρῶς is less frequent but follows the same intensifying function. There is no significant shift in meaning across classical, Hellenistic, or Roman periods; it simply functions as a high-degree intensifier. English translations usually render σφοδρῶς as 'exceedingly,' 'very much,' or 'greatly,' which captures the core sense but does not always communicate the underlying Greek emphatic effect, especially in emotionally charged or hyperbolic contexts. Contrasts with other intensifying adverbs (e.g., λίαν, πάνυ) in subtle degrees of forcefulness, with σφοδρῶς often suggesting a slightly more vigorous or even forceful emphasis.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
adverb from the same as σφόδρα; very much:--exceedingly.
Root Family
σφοδρῶς (sphodrōs) — force, intensity, vehemence
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G4971-01 |
σφοδρῶς | sphodros | ADV |
exceedingly | with great intensity | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
1 total occurrence
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G4971-01 |
Acts 27:18 | σφοδρῶς | sphodros | ADV |
exceedingly | with great intensity |