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ὑβρίζω

hybrízō

G5195 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To act outrageously, treat with insolence or arrogance, or commit acts of violence or abuse; to insult or shame someone through word or deed. In various contexts, it signifies behaving with insolent pride toward others—often involving acts of contempt, harm, or humiliation. The verb covers both physical mistreatment and the verbal or social shaming of others, typically in ways considered dishonoring or degrading.

Semantic Range

to treat shamefully, to commit violent or insolent acts, to insult, to abuse physically or verbally, to dishonor, to inflict humiliation or outrage

Root / Etymology

From the noun ὕβρις (hubris), meaning 'arrogant violence, insolence, outrageous treatment.' The verb ὑβρίζω is directly formed from the noun, indicating the act or expression of hubris.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, ὑβρίζω describes actions that express hubris—arrogance or violence that disregards social or moral norms. This could include both verbal insults and physical cruelty. In Hellenistic and Koine contexts, including the Septuagint and the New Testament, it retains the sense of treating others shamefully or violently. The term involves both the idea of insult and harm, whether through mocking, maltreatment, or violent abuse. While English translations often render ὑβρίζω as "insult," "abuse," or "treat shamefully," these can lack the full nuance of arrogant or contemptuous mistreatment implied by the Greek. In the New Testament, the word typically signals social or physical abuse directed at someone perceived as vulnerable, including Jesus or his followers. Ὑβρίζω can overlap with other terms such as λοιδορέω (to revile), but with a greater emphasis on arrogant outrage and social transgression. The core meaning remains consistent from classical through Koine periods, focusing on acts that violate respect or honor.

Translation Consistency

primary "mistreat" 1 occurrence

Covers the typical range of ὑβρίζω — treating someone shamefully, abusively, or with insolent contempt — without being overly formal. ‘Mistreat’ naturally includes verbal insult, social dishonor, and physical abuse, so it fits the word’s common uses and will read naturally in translation.

Alternatives (4 occurrences):
"insulted" (1x) "insult" (1x) "outrageously abused" (1x) "having been outrageously abused" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ὕβρις; to exercise violence, i.e. abuse:--use despitefully, reproach, entreat shamefully (spitefully).

Root Family

ὑβρ- (hybrízō) — to act with hubris, to insult, to abuse, to treat outrageously

Root ὑβρ- to act with hubris, to insult, to abuse, to treat outrageously
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
G5196 ὕβρις of arrogant outrage

Word Forms

5 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G5195-01 ὑβρίσαι ubrisai V AOR ACT INF to mistreat to outrageously mistreat to outrageously mistreat 1
G5195-02 ὕβρισαν ubrisan V AOR ACT IND 3P PL mistreated they acted with hubris they insulted 1
G5195-03 ὑβρισθέντες ubristhentes V AOR PASS PTCP NOM M PL been mistreated having been outrageously abused having been outrageously abused 1
G5195-04 ὑβρισθήσεται ubristhesetai V FUT PASS IND 3P SG will be mistreated will be outrageously abused will be outrageously abused 1
G5195-05 ὑβρίζεις ubrizeis V PRS ACT IND 2P SG insult you are acting outrageously you insult 1

Occurrences in Scripture

5 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G5195-02 Matthew 22:6 ὕβρισαν ubrisan V AOR ACT IND 3P PL mistreated they acted with hubris they insulted
G5195-05 Luke 11:45 ὑβρίζεις ubrizeis V PRS ACT IND 2P SG insult you are acting outrageously you insult
G5195-04 Luke 18:32 ὑβρισθήσεται ubristhesetai V FUT PASS IND 3P SG will be mistreated will be outrageously abused will be outrageously abused
G5195-01 Acts 14:5 ὑβρίσαι ubrisai V AOR ACT INF to mistreat to outrageously mistreat to outrageously mistreat
G5195-03 1 Thessalonians 2:2 ὑβρισθέντες ubristhentes V AOR PASS PTCP NOM M PL been mistreated having been outrageously abused having been outrageously abused
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