בָרַךְ

𐤁𐤓𐤊

bârak

H1288 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To bless, to endow with power for success, prosperity, fertility, or longevity; to recognize, affirm, or invoke divine favor or well-being. In its most typical sense, בָרַךְ refers to the act of conferring a benefit, either from a divine figure to a human or from one human to another, often formally recognizing favor or good fortune. Less commonly, the term can be used in euphemistic contexts to mean 'curse,' usually as a deliberate circumlocution in prohibitive formulas or legal settings.

Semantic Range

to bless, to grant success, to endow with prosperity or fertility, to praise or acknowledge (divine or human), to invoke or confer benefit; to kneel (literal posture); by euphemism, to curse (in legal or formulaic context)

Root / Etymology

From the root ברך, which primarily means 'to kneel.' The lexical form בָרַךְ developed from the gesture of kneeling, which indicated submission or paying homage, and came to be associated with an act conveying blessing and favor. The semantic development reflects the connection between physical posture of humility (kneeling) and the pronouncing or bestowal of blessing. The negative (euphemistic) sense, 'to curse,' likely arose from conventions of indirect speech in contexts involving prohibitions against blasphemy or treason.

Historical & Contextual Notes

בָרַךְ occurs frequently throughout the Hebrew Bible and stands as the primary verb for 'to bless,' whether by God toward humans and creation, by humans toward God (as acknowledgment or praise), or from one human to another. In direct speech, blessing often implies the concrete wish or invocation of fertility, prosperity, or protection. The action sometimes includes ritual gestures (such as laying on hands), particularly in the priestly context. In patriarchal narratives, בָרַךְ frames crucial moments of inheritance and the transmission of familial or tribal favor (e.g., Isaac blessing Jacob). During the monarchic period, blessings are used in royal and priestly rhetoric to articulate divine favor for individuals or the nation. In Wisdom literature and Psalms, the verb often expresses praise or acknowledgment of Yhwh's acts and attributes. The euphemistic negative sense ('to curse') occurs rarely and is marked, primarily limited to legal or formulaic settings (e.g., Job 1:5, 1 Kings 21:10), often out of reverence to avoid directly stating cursing of the deity or sovereign. English translations using 'bless' generally reflect the core sense, but may obscure the broader relational and performative dimensions of the verb, as well as its limited alternative usage as a polite circumlocution for 'curse.'

Translation Consistency

primary "bless" 49 occurrences

בָרַךְ overwhelmingly and typically means to confer divine or human favor, prosperity, or well-being. “Bless” is the natural, common English verb that matches the primary semantic range (to invoke, grant, or pronounce benefit) and covers the frequent rendered forms (blessed, blesses, blessing). Less common senses (euphemistic ‘curse,’ literal ‘kneel’) are marginal and should be handled as exceptions, so using a single consistent base verb ‘bless’ best preserves meaning and natural readability across all forms.

Alternatives (1 occurrence):
"made kneel" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason); [idiom] abundantly, [idiom] altogether, [idiom] at all, blaspheme, bless, congratulate, curse, [idiom] greatly, [idiom] indeed, kneel (down), praise, salute, [idiom] still, thank.

Bantu Hebrew

Language Bantu Word Transliteration Meaning
Kikuyu baraka blessing
Kirundi uburaka blessing
Lingala libelaka blessing (from God)
Swahili baraka blessing

View comparison page →

Root Family

ברך (Barukhe) — to bless, bestow favor, invoke well-being

Root ברך to kneel, to bless, to invoke favor
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1263 בָּרוּךְ blessed one
H1289 בְּרַךְ to pronounce blessing
H1290 בֶּרֶךְ knee
H1291 בֶּרֶךְ his knees
H1292 בָּרַכְאֵל El has blessed

Word Forms

105 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H1288-12 בָּר֤וּךְ barukhe HVqsmsa Blessed blessed one blessed 52
H1288-80 וַ/יְבָ֧רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms and blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed 29
H1288-101 יְבָרֶכְ/ךָ֥ yevarekhekha HVpi3ms/Sp2ms bless you he will bless you he will bless you 15
H1288-08 בָּרֲכ֖וּ barakhu HVpv2mp bless Pronounce blessing, you all! Bless, you all! 13
H1288-100 יְבָרֵ֣ךְ yevarekhe HVpi3ms bless may he bless may he bless 12
H1288-13 בֵּרַ֥ךְ berakhe HVpp3ms blessed he bestowed blessing he blessed 11
H1288-31 לְ/בָרֵ֥ךְ levarekhe HR/Vpc to bless to bestow blessing to bless 9
H1288-79 וַ/יְבָרֲכ֣וּ vayevarakhu HC/Vpw3mp and they blessed they bestowed blessing and they blessed 8
H1288-55 וּ/בָר֥וּךְ uvarukhe HC/Vqsmsa and blessed be and blessed one and blessed 7
H1288-07 בָּרֲכִ֣י barakhi HVpv2fs Bless Bless! (you, feminine) Bless (you, feminine) 5

Occurrences in Scripture

330 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H1288-80 Genesis 1:22 וַ/יְבָ֧רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed
H1288-80 Genesis 1:28 וַ/יְבָ֣רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms and he blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed
H1288-80 Genesis 2:3 וַ/יְבָ֤רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms and blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed
H1288-80 Genesis 5:2 וַ/יְבָ֣רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms and He blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed
H1288-80 Genesis 9:1 וַ/יְבָ֣רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed
H1288-12 Genesis 9:26 בָּר֥וּךְ barukhe HVqsmsa Blessed blessed one blessed
H1288-71 Genesis 12:2 וַ/אֲבָ֣רֶכְ/ךָ֔ vaavarekhekha HC/Vpi1cs/Sp2ms and I will bless you I will richly bless you and I will bless you
H1288-66 Genesis 12:3 וַ/אֲבָֽרֲכָה֙ vaavarakhah HC/Vpi1cs and I will bless and I will bless and I will bless
H1288-34 Genesis 12:3 מְבָ֣רְכֶ֔י/ךָ mevarekheykha HVprmpc/Sp2ms those who bless you those blessing you those blessing you
H1288-88 Genesis 12:3 וְ/נִבְרְכ֣וּ veniverekhu HC/VNp3cp and will be blessed and they were blessed and they will be blessed
H1288-81 Genesis 14:19 וַֽ/יְבָרְכֵ֖/הוּ vayevarekhehu HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms And he blessed him he blessed him and he blessed him
H1288-12 Genesis 14:19 בָּר֤וּךְ barukhe HVqsmsa Blessed be blessed one blessed one
H1288-55 Genesis 14:20 וּ/בָרוּךְ֙ uvarukhe HC/Vqsmsa and blessed be and blessed one and blessed be
H1288-60 Genesis 17:16 וּ/בֵרַכְתִּ֣י uverakheti HC/Vpq1cs and I will bless and I will bless and I will bless
H1288-61 Genesis 17:16 וּ/בֵֽרַכְתִּ֨י/הָ֙ uverakhetiha HC/Vpq1cs/Sp3fs and I will bless her and I will bless her and I will bless her
H1288-19 Genesis 17:20 בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי berakheti HVpp1cs I have blessed I conferred blessing I have blessed
H1288-88 Genesis 18:18 וְ/נִ֨בְרְכוּ veniverekhu HC/VNq3cp shall be blessed and they were blessed and they will be blessed
H1288-73 Genesis 22:17 בָרֵ֣ךְ varekhe HVpa blessing to richly bless richly bless
H1288-05 Genesis 22:17 אֲבָרֶכְ/ךָ֗ avarekhekha HVpi1cs/Sp2ms I will bless I will bless you I will bless you
H1288-84 Genesis 22:18 וְ/הִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ vehitebarakhu HC/Vtq3cp shall be blessed and they blessed themselves and they shall be blessed
H1288-13 Genesis 24:1 בֵּרַ֥ךְ berakhe HVpp3ms had blessed he bestowed blessing he blessed
H1288-75 Genesis 24:11 וַ/יַּבְרֵ֧ךְ vayaverekhe HC/Vhw3ms he made kneel he bestowed blessing he made kneel
H1288-12 Genesis 24:27 בָּר֤וּךְ barukhe HVqsmsa Blessed blessed one blessed one
H1288-25 Genesis 24:31 בְּר֣וּךְ berukhe HVqsmsc blessed blessed one blessed one
H1288-13 Genesis 24:35 בֵּרַ֧ךְ berakhe HVpp3ms has blessed he bestowed blessing he blessed
H1288-69 Genesis 24:48 וָ/אֲבָרֵ֗ךְ vaavarekhe HC/Vpw1cs and blessed and I bestowed blessing and I bestowed blessing
H1288-79 Genesis 24:60 וַ/יְבָרֲכ֤וּ vayevarakhu HC/Vpw3mp and they blessed they bestowed blessing and they blessed
H1288-80 Genesis 25:11 וַ/יְבָ֥רֶךְ vayevarekhe HC/Vpw3ms God blessed and he bestowed blessing and he blessed
H1288-71 Genesis 26:3 וַ/אֲבָרְכֶ֑/ךָּ vaavarekhekha HC/Vpi1cs/Sp2ms and bless you I will richly bless you and I will bless you
H1288-84 Genesis 26:4 וְ/הִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ vehitebarakhu HC/Vtq3cp shall be blessed and they blessed themselves and they will bless themselves
H1288-76 Genesis 26:12 וַֽ/יְבָרֲכֵ֖/הוּ vayevarakhehu HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms and YHWH blessed him he bestowed blessing on him and he blessed him
H1288-62 Genesis 26:24 וּ/בֵֽרַכְתִּ֨י/ךָ֙ uverakhetikha HC/Vpq1cs/Sp2ms and will bless you and I blessed you and I will bless you
H1288-25 Genesis 26:29 בְּר֥וּךְ berukhe HVqsmsc blessed blessed one blessed
H1288-45 Genesis 27:4 תְּבָרֶכְ/ךָ֥ tevarekhekha HVpi3fs/Sp2ms may bless you she will bless you my soul may bless you
H1288-72 Genesis 27:7 וַ/אֲבָרֶכְ/כָ֛ה vaavarekhekhah HC/Vph1cs/Sp2ms and bless you and let me bless you and let me bless you
H1288-101 Genesis 27:10 יְבָרֶכְ/ךָ֖ yevarekhekha HVpi3ms/Sp2ms he may bless you he will bless you he will bless you
H1288-40 Genesis 27:19 תְּבָרֲכַ֥/נִּי tevarakhani HVpi3fs/Sp1cs you may bless me she will bless me you may bless me
H1288-81 Genesis 27:23 וַֽ/יְבָרְכֵֽ/הוּ vayevarekhehu HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms so he blessed him he blessed him and he blessed him
H1288-45 Genesis 27:25 תְּבָֽרֶכְ/ךָ֖ tevarekhekha HVpi3fs/Sp2ms may bless you she will bless you my soul may bless you
H1288-76 Genesis 27:27 וַֽ/יְבָרֲכֵ֑/הוּ vayevarakhehu HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms and blessed him he bestowed blessing on him and he blessed him
H1288-20 Genesis 27:27 בֵּרֲכ֖/וֹ berakho HVpp3ms/Sp3ms has blessed it he has blessed him he has blessed him
H1288-50 Genesis 27:29 וּֽ/מְבָרֲכֶ֖י/ךָ umevarakheykha HC/Vprmpc/Sp2ms who bless you and the ones blessing you and the ones blessing you
H1288-12 Genesis 27:29 בָּרֽוּךְ barukhe HVqsmsa be blessed blessed one may he be blessed
H1288-31 Genesis 27:30 לְ/בָרֵ֣ךְ levarekhe HR/Vpc blessing to bestow blessing to bless
H1288-40 Genesis 27:31 תְּבָרֲכַ֥/נִּי tevarakhani HVpi3fs/Sp1cs you may bless me she will bless me you may bless me
H1288-67 Genesis 27:33 וָ/אֲבָרֲכֵ֑/הוּ vaavarakhehu HC/Vpw1cs/Sp3ms and I blessed him I blessed him and I blessed him
H1288-12 Genesis 27:33 בָּר֖וּךְ barukhe HVqsmsa blessed blessed one blessed
H1288-06 Genesis 27:34 בָּרֲכֵ֥/נִי barakheni HVpv2ms/Sp1cs Bless me Endow me with favor bless me
H1288-06 Genesis 27:38 בָּרֲכֵ֥/נִי barakheni HVpv2ms/Sp1cs bless me Endow me with favor bless me
H1288-20 Genesis 27:41 בֵּרֲכ֖/וֹ berakho HVpp3ms/Sp3ms he had blessed him he has blessed him he has blessed him