בָרַךְ
𐤁𐤓𐤊
bârak
H1288 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To bless, to endow with power for success, prosperity, fertility, or longevity; to recognize, affirm, or invoke divine favor or well-being. In its most typical sense, בָרַךְ refers to the act of conferring a benefit, either from a divine figure to a human or from one human to another, often formally recognizing favor or good fortune. Less commonly, the term can be used in euphemistic contexts to mean 'curse,' usually as a deliberate circumlocution in prohibitive formulas or legal settings.
Semantic Range
to bless, to grant success, to endow with prosperity or fertility, to praise or acknowledge (divine or human), to invoke or confer benefit; to kneel (literal posture); by euphemism, to curse (in legal or formulaic context)
Root / Etymology
From the root ברך, which primarily means 'to kneel.' The lexical form בָרַךְ developed from the gesture of kneeling, which indicated submission or paying homage, and came to be associated with an act conveying blessing and favor. The semantic development reflects the connection between physical posture of humility (kneeling) and the pronouncing or bestowal of blessing. The negative (euphemistic) sense, 'to curse,' likely arose from conventions of indirect speech in contexts involving prohibitions against blasphemy or treason.
Historical & Contextual Notes
בָרַךְ occurs frequently throughout the Hebrew Bible and stands as the primary verb for 'to bless,' whether by God toward humans and creation, by humans toward God (as acknowledgment or praise), or from one human to another. In direct speech, blessing often implies the concrete wish or invocation of fertility, prosperity, or protection. The action sometimes includes ritual gestures (such as laying on hands), particularly in the priestly context. In patriarchal narratives, בָרַךְ frames crucial moments of inheritance and the transmission of familial or tribal favor (e.g., Isaac blessing Jacob). During the monarchic period, blessings are used in royal and priestly rhetoric to articulate divine favor for individuals or the nation. In Wisdom literature and Psalms, the verb often expresses praise or acknowledgment of Yhwh's acts and attributes. The euphemistic negative sense ('to curse') occurs rarely and is marked, primarily limited to legal or formulaic settings (e.g., Job 1:5, 1 Kings 21:10), often out of reverence to avoid directly stating cursing of the deity or sovereign. English translations using 'bless' generally reflect the core sense, but may obscure the broader relational and performative dimensions of the verb, as well as its limited alternative usage as a polite circumlocution for 'curse.'
Translation Consistency
בָרַךְ overwhelmingly and typically means to confer divine or human favor, prosperity, or well-being. “Bless” is the natural, common English verb that matches the primary semantic range (to invoke, grant, or pronounce benefit) and covers the frequent rendered forms (blessed, blesses, blessing). Less common senses (euphemistic ‘curse,’ literal ‘kneel’) are marginal and should be handled as exceptions, so using a single consistent base verb ‘bless’ best preserves meaning and natural readability across all forms.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primitive root; to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason); [idiom] abundantly, [idiom] altogether, [idiom] at all, blaspheme, bless, congratulate, curse, [idiom] greatly, [idiom] indeed, kneel (down), praise, salute, [idiom] still, thank.
Bantu Hebrew
| Language | Bantu Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kikuyu | baraka | blessing | |
| Kirundi | uburaka | blessing | |
| Lingala | libelaka | blessing (from God) | |
| Swahili | baraka | blessing |
Root Family
ברך (Barukhe) — to bless, bestow favor, invoke well-being
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H1263 | בָּרוּךְ | blessed one |
| H1289 | בְּרַךְ | to pronounce blessing |
| H1290 | בֶּרֶךְ | knee |
| H1291 | בֶּרֶךְ | his knees |
| H1292 | בָּרַכְאֵל | El has blessed |
Word Forms
105 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1288-12 |
בָּר֤וּךְ | barukhe | HVqsmsa |
Blessed | blessed one | blessed | 52 |
H1288-80 |
וַ/יְבָ֧רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
and blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed | 29 |
H1288-101 |
יְבָרֶכְ/ךָ֥ | yevarekhekha | HVpi3ms/Sp2ms |
bless you | he will bless you | he will bless you | 15 |
H1288-08 |
בָּרֲכ֖וּ | barakhu | HVpv2mp |
bless | Pronounce blessing, you all! | Bless, you all! | 13 |
H1288-100 |
יְבָרֵ֣ךְ | yevarekhe | HVpi3ms |
bless | may he bless | may he bless | 12 |
H1288-13 |
בֵּרַ֥ךְ | berakhe | HVpp3ms |
blessed | he bestowed blessing | he blessed | 11 |
H1288-31 |
לְ/בָרֵ֥ךְ | levarekhe | HR/Vpc |
to bless | to bestow blessing | to bless | 9 |
H1288-79 |
וַ/יְבָרֲכ֣וּ | vayevarakhu | HC/Vpw3mp |
and they blessed | they bestowed blessing | and they blessed | 8 |
H1288-55 |
וּ/בָר֥וּךְ | uvarukhe | HC/Vqsmsa |
and blessed be | and blessed one | and blessed | 7 |
H1288-07 |
בָּרֲכִ֣י | barakhi | HVpv2fs |
Bless | Bless! (you, feminine) | Bless (you, feminine) | 5 |
Occurrences in Scripture
330 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1288-80 |
Genesis 1:22 | וַ/יְבָ֧רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed |
H1288-80 |
Genesis 1:28 | וַ/יְבָ֣רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
and he blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed |
H1288-80 |
Genesis 2:3 | וַ/יְבָ֤רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
and blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed |
H1288-80 |
Genesis 5:2 | וַ/יְבָ֣רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
and He blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed |
H1288-80 |
Genesis 9:1 | וַ/יְבָ֣רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed |
H1288-12 |
Genesis 9:26 | בָּר֥וּךְ | barukhe | HVqsmsa |
Blessed | blessed one | blessed |
H1288-71 |
Genesis 12:2 | וַ/אֲבָ֣רֶכְ/ךָ֔ | vaavarekhekha | HC/Vpi1cs/Sp2ms |
and I will bless you | I will richly bless you | and I will bless you |
H1288-66 |
Genesis 12:3 | וַ/אֲבָֽרֲכָה֙ | vaavarakhah | HC/Vpi1cs |
and I will bless | and I will bless | and I will bless |
H1288-34 |
Genesis 12:3 | מְבָ֣רְכֶ֔י/ךָ | mevarekheykha | HVprmpc/Sp2ms |
those who bless you | those blessing you | those blessing you |
H1288-88 |
Genesis 12:3 | וְ/נִבְרְכ֣וּ | veniverekhu | HC/VNp3cp |
and will be blessed | and they were blessed | and they will be blessed |
H1288-81 |
Genesis 14:19 | וַֽ/יְבָרְכֵ֖/הוּ | vayevarekhehu | HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms |
And he blessed him | he blessed him | and he blessed him |
H1288-12 |
Genesis 14:19 | בָּר֤וּךְ | barukhe | HVqsmsa |
Blessed be | blessed one | blessed one |
H1288-55 |
Genesis 14:20 | וּ/בָרוּךְ֙ | uvarukhe | HC/Vqsmsa |
and blessed be | and blessed one | and blessed be |
H1288-60 |
Genesis 17:16 | וּ/בֵרַכְתִּ֣י | uverakheti | HC/Vpq1cs |
and I will bless | and I will bless | and I will bless |
H1288-61 |
Genesis 17:16 | וּ/בֵֽרַכְתִּ֨י/הָ֙ | uverakhetiha | HC/Vpq1cs/Sp3fs |
and I will bless her | and I will bless her | and I will bless her |
H1288-19 |
Genesis 17:20 | בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי | berakheti | HVpp1cs |
I have blessed | I conferred blessing | I have blessed |
H1288-88 |
Genesis 18:18 | וְ/נִ֨בְרְכוּ | veniverekhu | HC/VNq3cp |
shall be blessed | and they were blessed | and they will be blessed |
H1288-73 |
Genesis 22:17 | בָרֵ֣ךְ | varekhe | HVpa |
blessing | to richly bless | richly bless |
H1288-05 |
Genesis 22:17 | אֲבָרֶכְ/ךָ֗ | avarekhekha | HVpi1cs/Sp2ms |
I will bless | I will bless you | I will bless you |
H1288-84 |
Genesis 22:18 | וְ/הִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ | vehitebarakhu | HC/Vtq3cp |
shall be blessed | and they blessed themselves | and they shall be blessed |
H1288-13 |
Genesis 24:1 | בֵּרַ֥ךְ | berakhe | HVpp3ms |
had blessed | he bestowed blessing | he blessed |
H1288-75 |
Genesis 24:11 | וַ/יַּבְרֵ֧ךְ | vayaverekhe | HC/Vhw3ms |
he made kneel | he bestowed blessing | he made kneel |
H1288-12 |
Genesis 24:27 | בָּר֤וּךְ | barukhe | HVqsmsa |
Blessed | blessed one | blessed one |
H1288-25 |
Genesis 24:31 | בְּר֣וּךְ | berukhe | HVqsmsc |
blessed | blessed one | blessed one |
H1288-13 |
Genesis 24:35 | בֵּרַ֧ךְ | berakhe | HVpp3ms |
has blessed | he bestowed blessing | he blessed |
H1288-69 |
Genesis 24:48 | וָ/אֲבָרֵ֗ךְ | vaavarekhe | HC/Vpw1cs |
and blessed | and I bestowed blessing | and I bestowed blessing |
H1288-79 |
Genesis 24:60 | וַ/יְבָרֲכ֤וּ | vayevarakhu | HC/Vpw3mp |
and they blessed | they bestowed blessing | and they blessed |
H1288-80 |
Genesis 25:11 | וַ/יְבָ֥רֶךְ | vayevarekhe | HC/Vpw3ms |
God blessed | and he bestowed blessing | and he blessed |
H1288-71 |
Genesis 26:3 | וַ/אֲבָרְכֶ֑/ךָּ | vaavarekhekha | HC/Vpi1cs/Sp2ms |
and bless you | I will richly bless you | and I will bless you |
H1288-84 |
Genesis 26:4 | וְ/הִתְבָּרֲכ֣וּ | vehitebarakhu | HC/Vtq3cp |
shall be blessed | and they blessed themselves | and they will bless themselves |
H1288-76 |
Genesis 26:12 | וַֽ/יְבָרֲכֵ֖/הוּ | vayevarakhehu | HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms |
and YHWH blessed him | he bestowed blessing on him | and he blessed him |
H1288-62 |
Genesis 26:24 | וּ/בֵֽרַכְתִּ֨י/ךָ֙ | uverakhetikha | HC/Vpq1cs/Sp2ms |
and will bless you | and I blessed you | and I will bless you |
H1288-25 |
Genesis 26:29 | בְּר֥וּךְ | berukhe | HVqsmsc |
blessed | blessed one | blessed |
H1288-45 |
Genesis 27:4 | תְּבָרֶכְ/ךָ֥ | tevarekhekha | HVpi3fs/Sp2ms |
may bless you | she will bless you | my soul may bless you |
H1288-72 |
Genesis 27:7 | וַ/אֲבָרֶכְ/כָ֛ה | vaavarekhekhah | HC/Vph1cs/Sp2ms |
and bless you | and let me bless you | and let me bless you |
H1288-101 |
Genesis 27:10 | יְבָרֶכְ/ךָ֖ | yevarekhekha | HVpi3ms/Sp2ms |
he may bless you | he will bless you | he will bless you |
H1288-40 |
Genesis 27:19 | תְּבָרֲכַ֥/נִּי | tevarakhani | HVpi3fs/Sp1cs |
you may bless me | she will bless me | you may bless me |
H1288-81 |
Genesis 27:23 | וַֽ/יְבָרְכֵֽ/הוּ | vayevarekhehu | HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms |
so he blessed him | he blessed him | and he blessed him |
H1288-45 |
Genesis 27:25 | תְּבָֽרֶכְ/ךָ֖ | tevarekhekha | HVpi3fs/Sp2ms |
may bless you | she will bless you | my soul may bless you |
H1288-76 |
Genesis 27:27 | וַֽ/יְבָרֲכֵ֑/הוּ | vayevarakhehu | HC/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms |
and blessed him | he bestowed blessing on him | and he blessed him |
H1288-20 |
Genesis 27:27 | בֵּרֲכ֖/וֹ | berakho | HVpp3ms/Sp3ms |
has blessed it | he has blessed him | he has blessed him |
H1288-50 |
Genesis 27:29 | וּֽ/מְבָרֲכֶ֖י/ךָ | umevarakheykha | HC/Vprmpc/Sp2ms |
who bless you | and the ones blessing you | and the ones blessing you |
H1288-12 |
Genesis 27:29 | בָּרֽוּךְ | barukhe | HVqsmsa |
be blessed | blessed one | may he be blessed |
H1288-31 |
Genesis 27:30 | לְ/בָרֵ֣ךְ | levarekhe | HR/Vpc |
blessing | to bestow blessing | to bless |
H1288-40 |
Genesis 27:31 | תְּבָרֲכַ֥/נִּי | tevarakhani | HVpi3fs/Sp1cs |
you may bless me | she will bless me | you may bless me |
H1288-67 |
Genesis 27:33 | וָ/אֲבָרֲכֵ֑/הוּ | vaavarakhehu | HC/Vpw1cs/Sp3ms |
and I blessed him | I blessed him | and I blessed him |
H1288-12 |
Genesis 27:33 | בָּר֖וּךְ | barukhe | HVqsmsa |
blessed | blessed one | blessed |
H1288-06 |
Genesis 27:34 | בָּרֲכֵ֥/נִי | barakheni | HVpv2ms/Sp1cs |
Bless me | Endow me with favor | bless me |
H1288-06 |
Genesis 27:38 | בָּרֲכֵ֥/נִי | barakheni | HVpv2ms/Sp1cs |
bless me | Endow me with favor | bless me |
H1288-20 |
Genesis 27:41 | בֵּרֲכ֖/וֹ | berakho | HVpp3ms/Sp3ms |
he had blessed him | he has blessed him | he has blessed him |