גִּיר

𐤂𐤉𐤓

gîyr

H1528 noun

SILEX Entry

Root גיר to crush, to turn to powder, to burn (uncertain)

Definition

A substance made by burning limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce a fine white powder, which is then mixed with water to form a paste. This paste, known as lime or plaster, was commonly used as a building material for coating or whitewashing walls and structures in ancient Near Eastern architecture. In biblical Aramaic, the term specifically refers to the product used in construction and ritual contexts for plastering surfaces.

Semantic Range

lime (burnt limestone), lime plaster, plaster for walls, substance for coatings or whitewashing surfaces

Root / Etymology

The word גִּיר (gîyr) is of Aramaic origin and is a direct equivalent to the Hebrew גִּר. Its root is uncertain, though it may derive from a Semitic root associated with burning or crushing stone, related to the production process of lime. The word is a technical term borrowed from construction and materials vocabulary.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the only biblical occurrence (Daniel 5:5), גִּיר (gîyr) refers to the lime-plastered wall on which the mysterious hand wrote during Belshazzar's feast. The use of lime as a building and decorative material is well-attested in the ancient Near East. Lime plaster was important both for practical protection of mudbrick walls and for ritual purity, for example in tombs or cultic sites. The term is distinct from other Hebrew words for plaster or mortar (e.g., טִיחַ), highlighting the technical and Aramaic context. Standard English translations render the term as 'plaster,' 'lime,' or 'plaster of the wall,' but most modern readers are not aware of the technological and ritual significance of lime plaster in ancient construction and ceremonial practice.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) corresponding to גִּר; lime; plaster.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

גיר (g-y-r) — to crush, to turn to powder, to burn (stone)

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H1528-01 גִּירָ֕/א gira ANcmsd/Td plaster the lime plaster 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H1528-01 Daniel 5:5 גִּירָ֕/א gira ANcmsd/Td plaster the lime plaster