הֶבֶל

𐤄𐤁𐤋

Hevel

H1893 noun

SILEX Entry

Root הבל vapor, breath, vanity

Definition

Proper name designating 'Hebel,' the second son of Adam and Havvah (Eve), whose narrative is central in Genesis 4. The primary lexical meaning outside the personal name is 'vapor, breath, vanity,' but as a name, its original significance is uncertain and distinct from the common noun. As a proper noun, it does not convey the full semantic range of the common noun but identifies a unique individual in the primordial narrative.

Semantic Range

Hebel as a proper name; outside the personal name: vapor, breath, fleetingness, vanity, transitoriness; but as a name, refers specifically to the individual son of Adam and Havvah in the Genesis account

Root / Etymology

From the root הבל (h-b-l), with the primary sense 'vapor, breath, vanity.' However, as a personal name, the specific motivation for naming is unclear; it is possibly symbolic but may simply be a conventional appellative. Etymology for the name remains uncertain beyond its connection to the root.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the biblical narrative, Hebel (Abel) is depicted as a shepherd, distinguished from his brother Qayin (Cain), a farmer. The personal name occurs exclusively in this early genealogical and narrative context (primarily Genesis 4, 1 Chronicles 1:1). While the term הֶבֶל is widely used elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible to mean 'vapor' or 'vanity,' especially in Ecclesiastes, in this context it does not carry those metaphorical or philosophical senses. Later English translations and theological traditions rendered the name as 'Abel,' potentially masking any original play on words or symbolic significance. In the early Israelite period and the Priestly genealogies, Hebel stands as a paradigmatic younger brother, representing the first recorded death. The name does not recur as a personal name elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible. No evidence directly links the use of הֶבֶל as a name to the more developed abstract sense 'vanity' in later writings.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

the same as הֶבֶל; Hebel, the son of Adam; Abel.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been submitted for this word yet.

+ Add Bantu Hebrew Word

Root Family

הבל (h-b-l) — vapor, breath, vanity

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1891 הָבַל those causing emptiness
H1892 הֶבֶל in the vapor

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H1893-02 הֶ֨בֶל֙ hevel HNp Abel Hebel 6
H1893-03 וְ/הֶ֨בֶל vehevel HC/Np And Abel and Hebel 1
H1893-01 הָ֑בֶל havel HNp Abel Hebel 1

Occurrences in Scripture

8 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H1893-01 Genesis 4:2 הָ֑בֶל havel HNp Abel Hebel
H1893-02 Genesis 4:2 הֶ֨בֶל֙ hevel HNp Abel Hebel
H1893-03 Genesis 4:4 וְ/הֶ֨בֶל vehevel HC/Np And Abel and Hebel
H1893-02 Genesis 4:4 הֶ֖בֶל hevel HNp Abel Hebel
H1893-02 Genesis 4:8 הֶ֣בֶל hevel HNp Abel Hebel
H1893-02 Genesis 4:8 הֶ֥בֶל hevel-2 HNp Abel Hebel
H1893-02 Genesis 4:9 הֶ֣בֶל hevel HNp Abel Hebel
H1893-02 Genesis 4:25 הֶ֔בֶל hevel HNp Abel Hebel