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הִמּוֹ

𐤄𐤌𐤅

himmôw

H1994 pronoun

SILEX Entry

Definition

Third person plural independent pronoun in Aramaic, primarily meaning 'they' in reference to groups of animate or occasionally inanimate subjects. Used as the subject in verbal clauses or for emphatic identification of a group. This form often functions with or without prepositions, and sometimes serves as an emphatic or contrastive pronoun. The prolonged form הִמּוֹן (himmon) appears for stress or poetic reasons.

Semantic Range

they (people, groups), them, those, can designate any group of people or, less commonly, inanimate objects when contextually clear

Root / Etymology

Derived from the Aramaic pronominal root המ- (h-m-), corresponding to the Hebrew pronominal stem המ/הם for third person plural. This is part of the broader Northwest Semitic pronominal system (cf. Hebrew הֵם, Ugaritic hm, Phoenician hm).

Historical & Contextual Notes

Usage is limited to the Aramaic sections of the Hebrew Bible, notably Daniel and Ezra. The form הִמּוֹ or its prolonged version הִמּוֹן appears in Aramaic texts as the standard third person plural pronoun. It contrasts with the Hebrew הֵם, which is used in Hebrew-language passages, but both function similarly within their respective languages. English translations usually render this word simply as 'they' or, where required by context, 'those.' The pronominal system in Biblical Aramaic maintains gender and number distinctions largely paralleling Biblical Hebrew. In post-biblical Aramaic (e.g., Targumic, Rabbinic), the forms continue with variations such as הִמּוֹ or הֵמּוֹן, and their function as personal pronouns remains consistent.

Translation Consistency

primary "they" 8 occurrences

הִמּוֹ is the independent third‑person plural pronoun — the natural English base is “they.” Though some occurrences appear as object (“them”), using “they” as the single base form preserves the pronoun’s canonical independent form and can be inflected to object or emphatic forms where needed for natural English grammar.

Alternatives (4 occurrences):
"themselves" (2x) "them all" (1x) "are" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) or (prolonged) הִמּוֹן; (Aramaic), corresponding to הֵם; they; [idiom] are, them, those.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

המ (h-m) — third person plural designation, they, those

Root המ to designate third person plural, they, those

Word Forms

2 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H1994-01 הִמּ֔וֹ himo APp3mp them they they 9
H1994-02 הִמּֽוֹן himon APp3mp them they they themselves 3

Occurrences in Scripture

12 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H1994-02 Daniel 2:34 הִמּֽוֹן himon APp3mp them all they them all
H1994-02 Daniel 2:35 הִמּוֹן֙ himon APp3mp them they they themselves
H1994-02 Daniel 3:22 הִמּ֔וֹן himon APp3mp them they they themselves
H1994-01 Ezra 4:10 הִמּ֔וֹ himo APp3mp them they they
H1994-01 Ezra 4:23 הִמּ֖וֹ himo APp3mp them they they
H1994-01 Ezra 5:5 הִמּ֔וֹ himo APp3mp them they they
H1994-01 Ezra 5:11 הִמּ֡וֹ himo ATa are they are
H1994-01 Ezra 5:12 הִמּ֔וֹ himo APp3mp them they they
H1994-01 Ezra 5:14 הִמּ֔וֹ himo APp3mp them they they
H1994-01 Ezra 5:14 הִמּ֜וֹ himo-2 APp3mp them they they
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