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חִיצוֹן

𐤇𐤉𐤑𐤅𐤍

chîytsôwn

H2435 adjective

SILEX Entry

Root חיץ to separate, divide, partition

Definition

Designating that which is on the outer side, external, or located outside, either in spatial or functional sense. Refers to the outermost part or exterior portion of an object, space, or area (frequently used with respect to architecture: outer courts, walls, or rooms). Can also indicate the profane or non-sacred sphere, as opposed to areas designated as sacred, especially in relation to the inner and outer courts of the temple complex.

Semantic Range

outer, exterior, external, outside, outer court, profane/non-sacred area, the part farther from the center, outermost

Root / Etymology

From the root חיץ ('ḥ-y-ts'), meaning 'to separate, divide, partition.' חִיצוֹן is a derivative adjective or noun form, literally denoting 'pertaining to the outside' or 'outer.' The root emphasizes separation or distinction between spaces.

Historical & Contextual Notes

חִיצוֹן is primarily used in architectural contexts in the Hebrew Bible, notably to distinguish between inner (פְּנִימִי) and outer (חִיצוֹן) areas—especially in temple or tabernacle layouts. The term regularly appears in texts such as Ezekiel (e.g., 'outer court' or 'outer gate'), distinguishing spaces reserved for different purposes and degrees of sanctity. In some post-monarchic or priestly texts, חִיצוֹן takes on nuanced meanings, referring additionally to profane areas, i.e., not within the sacred boundary. Later translations (LXX and Vulgate) sometimes interpret the term as 'exterior' or 'profane,' which can mislead readers to overemphasize a religious dichotomy that may not always be present in the original context. English translations often render חִיצוֹן as 'outer' or 'outward,' which accurately marks spatial distinction but may obscure specific temple architecture and ritual divisions found in the text.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from חַיִץ; properly, the (outer) wall side; hence, exterior; figuratively, secular (as opposed to sacred); outer, outward, utter, without.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

חיץ (ḥ-y-ts) — to separate, divide, partition

Word Forms

5 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H2435-03 הַֽ/חִיצ֔וֹנָ/ה hachitsonah HTd/Aamsa/Sd the outer the outer one 20
H2435-05 וְ/לַ/חִיצֽוֹן velachitson HC/Rd/Aamsa and outside to the outer side 2
H2435-01 חִֽיצוֹנָ֣ה chitsonah HAafsa outer outer 1
H2435-02 הַֽ/חִיצ֔וֹן hachitson HTd/Aamsa the outer the outer one 1
H2435-04 וּ/בַ/חִיצ֖וֹן uvachitson HC/Rd/Aamsa and the outer and in the outer area 1

Occurrences in Scripture

25 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H2435-05 1 Kings 6:29 וְ/לַ/חִיצֽוֹן velachitson HC/Rd/Aamsa and without to the outer side
H2435-05 1 Kings 6:30 וְ/לַ/חִיצֽוֹן velachitson HC/Rd/Aamsa and outside to the outer side
H2435-03 2 Kings 16:18 הַֽ/חִיצ֔וֹנָ/ה hachitsonah HTd/Aamsa/Sd outer the outer one
H2435-03 Ezekiel 10:5 הַ/חִיצֹנָ֑ה hachitsonah HTd/Aafsa the outer the outer one
H2435-03 Ezekiel 40:17 הַ/חִ֣יצוֹנָ֔ה hachitsonah HTd/Aafsa outer the outer one
H2435-03 Ezekiel 40:20 הַ/חִֽיצוֹנָ֑ה hachitsonah HTd/Aafsa the outer the outer one
H2435-03 Ezekiel 40:31 הַ/חִ֣צוֹנָ֔ה hachitsonah HTd/Aafsa the-outer the outer one
H2435-03 Ezekiel 40:34 הַ/חִ֣יצוֹנָ֔ה hachitsonah HTd/Aafsa the-outer the outer one
H2435-03 Ezekiel 40:37 הַ/חִ֣יצוֹנָ֔ה hachitsonah HTd/Aafsa the-outer the outer one
H2435-04 Ezekiel 41:17 וּ/בַ/חִיצ֖וֹן uvachitson HC/Rd/Aamsa and the outer and in the outer area
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