כִּיד

𐤊𐤉𐤃

kîyd

H3589 noun

SILEX Entry

Root כיד to strike, to smite forcefully, to crush

Definition

A blow or striking force, especially as an agent of destruction or calamity. The term denotes a sudden, forceful act resulting in severe harm or devastation, and is used metaphorically for overwhelming disaster or misfortune visiting a people or region.

Semantic Range

blow, striking force, crushing blow, calamity, destruction, overwhelming disaster

Root / Etymology

Root: כיד. The etymology is uncertain; it is possibly related to a root meaning 'to strike' or 'smite,' but explicit attestation of this root is sparse. The form כִּיד appears in the Hebrew Bible only in the specific context of calamity or crushing, and its morphological relationship to other Semitic roots for 'striking' or 'smashing' is debated.

Historical & Contextual Notes

כִּיד occurs in poetic and prophetic contexts, most notably in Isaiah (Is 47:11; Is 51:19), to describe calamity or disaster of an intense and overwhelming nature, often as consequence or judgment. The word's usage is rare and typically synonymous with catastrophe that befalls a nation or city. It is distinct from more common Hebrew terms for misfortune such as רָעָה (evil, harm) or שֶׁבֶר (breaking, fracture), carrying a stronger connotation of sudden, crushing impact rather than general misfortune. Later translations sometimes render it as 'destruction' or 'ruin', while some English traditions translate the term as 'destruction' or 'calamity.' The nuance of an immediate or violent blow is often lost in translation.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from a primitive root meaning to strike; a crushing; figuratively, calamity; destruction.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

כיד (k-y-d) — to strike, to smite forcefully, to crush

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3590 כִידוֹד struck-off sparks of
H3591 כִּידוֹן battle-spear
H3592 כִּידוֹן Kidon

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H3589-01 כִּיד֑/וֹ kido HNcmsc/Sp3ms his destruction his crushing blow 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H3589-01 Job 21:20 כִּיד֑/וֹ kido HNcmsc/Sp3ms his destruction his crushing blow