לַפִּיד

𐤋𐤐𐤉𐤃

lappîyd

H3940 noun

SILEX Entry

Root לפד to shine, to burn, to flash

Definition

Torch, a portable source of light produced by burning material, most commonly a bundle of sticks or rags soaked in oil or pitch. Also used to denote a burning brand or flame, and metaphorically to describe the appearance of phenomena like lightning or flashes of fire. In certain contexts, may describe processional lights, ritual firebrands, or symbolic lights within narratives.

Semantic Range

torch, firebrand, burning stick, flame, lightning, flashing fire, processional light, symbol of divine presence

Root / Etymology

From the root לפד (l-p-d), meaning uncertain and unattested elsewhere in Biblical Hebrew; commonly connected with the idea of shining, burning, or kindling, though no verbal root is directly attested. The form לַפִּיד is a noun referring specifically to an implement or manifestation of fire or light.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the biblical corpus, לַפִּיד designates physical torches used in military, ritual, and everyday contexts (Judges 7:16, Nahum 2:5), as well as metaphorical or symbolic fire and light phenomena (e.g., lightning or the appearance of divine presence, Genesis 15:17). Sometimes used in the imagery of divine action or judgment (e.g., Isaiah 62:1, 'her salvation like a torch that burns'). Not interchangeable with נֵר (nēr), which typically denotes a small oil lamp, more associated with domestic or cultic settings. The distinction is that לַפִּיד is for portable, open flames, typically carried in the open or in processions, while נֵר is usually for an enclosed or covered component. English translations (e.g., 'lamp', 'torch', 'flame') may not fully capture the sense of a burning implement designed for outdoor or processional use. In post-biblical Hebrew, the term continues to denote a torch, often in ceremonial contexts. No significant religious identity or ethnonym is attached to this term; its use is primarily physical and descriptive rather than confessional or communal.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or לַפִּד; from an unused root probably meaning to shine; a flambeau, lamp or flame; (fire-) brand, (burning) lamp, lightning, torch.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

לפד (l-p-d) — shine, burn, flash

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3941 לַפִּידוֹת Torches

Word Forms

10 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H3940-06 לַפִּ֥יד lapid HNcmsa for a lamp burning torch 2
H3940-07 לַפִּדִ֗ים lapidim HNcmpa torches burning torches 2
H3940-01 בַּ/לַּפִּדִ֔ים balapidim HRd/Ncmpa the torches in the torches 2
H3940-02 הַ/לַּפִּידִ֗ם halapidim HTd/Ncmpa of-the-torches the torches 2
H3940-09 וְ/לַפִּ֣יד velapid HC/Ncmsc and a torch torch of 1
H3940-04 כְּ/לַפִּ֥יד kelapid HR/Ncmsa as a lamp like a torch 1
H3940-08 וּ/כְ/לַפִּ֥יד ukhelapid HC/R/Ncmsc and like a torch and like a torch of 1
H3940-05 כְּ/לַפִּ֣ידֵי kelapidey HR/Ncmpc like torches like torches of 1
H3940-10 וְ/לַפִּדִ֖ים velapidim HC/Ncmpa and torches and torches 1
H3940-03 כַּ/לַּפִּידִ֔ם kalapidim HRd/Ncmpa like torches like burning-torches 1

Occurrences in Scripture

14 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H3940-09 Genesis 15:17 וְ/לַפִּ֣יד velapid HC/Ncmsc and a torch torch of
H3940-02 Exodus 20:18 הַ/לַּפִּידִ֗ם halapidim HTd/Ncmpa the torches the torches
H3940-10 Judges 7:16 וְ/לַפִּדִ֖ים velapidim HC/Ncmpa and torches and torches
H3940-01 Judges 7:20 בַּ/לַּפִּדִ֔ים balapidim HRd/Ncmpa the torches in the torches
H3940-07 Judges 15:4 לַפִּדִ֗ים lapidim HNcmpa torches burning torches
H3940-06 Judges 15:4 לַפִּ֥יד lapid HNcmsa torch burning torch
H3940-01 Judges 15:5 בַּ/לַּפִּידִ֔ים balapidim HRd/Ncmpa in the torches in the torches
H3940-04 Isaiah 62:1 כְּ/לַפִּ֥יד kelapid HR/Ncmsa as a lamp like a torch
H3940-02 Ezekiel 1:13 הַ/לַּפִּדִ֔ים halapidim HTd/Ncmpa of-the-torches the torches
H3940-03 Nahum 2:5 כַּ/לַּפִּידִ֔ם kalapidim HRd/Ncmpa like torches like burning-torches