מָסָה

𐤌𐤎𐤄

mâçâh

H4529 verb

SILEX Entry

Root מסה to dissolve, to melt, to liquefy, to cause to flow

Definition

To dissolve, liquefy, or cause to melt; to become fluid or to cause something to lose its solid form and flow. Used in both literal and figurative contexts, the verb can describe physical melting (as of wax, metals, or snow), as well as emotional or spiritual dissolution, such as the melting away of courage, strength, or hope.

Semantic Range

to melt (metals, wax, snow), to dissolve or cause to liquefy, to cause to waste away, to faint or lose resolve (figurative), to make to disappear (through melting or dissolving), to dishearten or cause spiritual collapse

Root / Etymology

From the root מָסָה (מ-ס-ה), likely carrying the basic sense 'to dissolve' or 'to cause to become liquid.' This root gives rise to verbs and nominal forms referring to the act or process of melting, dissolving, or liquefying. The etymological connection centers on the transformation of solid into liquid, extending metaphorically to emotional states.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, מָסָה is attested both in mundane physical contexts (such as melting metals or wax, Psalm 68:3; Ezekiel 22:21) and in more figurative settings where courage or the inner resolve of individuals or groups 'melts' before fear or adversity (e.g., Joshua 2:11; Isaiah 13:7). The word can be distinguished from other Hebrew roots related to destruction or dissolution (such as נמס or מומ), which may emphasize different aspects of decay, loss, or corruption. English translations often render it as 'melt,' 'dissolve,' or 'wax faint,' but these may not capture the breadth of physical and metaphorical use. Over time, the figurative sense of fading courage or strength becomes prominent, especially in post-exilic and poetic texts. There is some overlap in usage with terms like נָמֵס (namēs), but מָסָה often retains a more active sense of causing to melt or dissolve rather than simply describing a state. The word is distinct from the unrelated noun מַצָּה (maṣṣāh, unleavened bread) despite superficial resemblance.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to dissolve; make to consume away, (make to) melt, water.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

מסה (m-s-h) — to dissolve, to melt, to liquefy, to cause to flow

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H4529-03 וַ/תֶּ֣מֶס vatemes HC/Vhw2ms and-you-consume and you caused to melt 1
H4529-01 אַמְסֶֽה ameseh HVhi1cs I drench I will cause to melt 1
H4529-02 הִמְסִ֖יו himesiv HVhp3cp made melt they caused to melt 1
H4529-04 וְ/יַמְסֵ֑/ם veyamesem HC/Vhi3ms/Sp3mp and melts them and he will cause them to melt 1

Occurrences in Scripture

4 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H4529-02 Joshua 14:8 הִמְסִ֖יו himesiv HVhp3cp made melt they caused to melt
H4529-01 Psalms 6:7 אַמְסֶֽה ameseh HVhi1cs I drench I will cause to melt
H4529-03 Psalms 39:12 וַ/תֶּ֣מֶס vatemes HC/Vhw2ms and-you-consume and you caused to melt
H4529-04 Psalms 147:18 וְ/יַמְסֵ֑/ם veyamesem HC/Vhi3ms/Sp3mp and melts them and he will cause them to melt