נָגַף (H5062) — Hebrew Lexicon

נָגַף

𐤍𐤂𐤐

nâgaph

H5062 verb

SILEX Entry

Root נגף to strike, to defeat, to afflict

Definition

To strike, cause to strike, or afflict with a blow or calamity. In the Hebrew Bible, נָגַף commonly refers to physical striking, as in striking an enemy in battle, or metaphorically, as in the infliction of defeat, calamity, or disease by divine or human agency. The verb denotes the action of causing someone to be struck down, afflicted, or overcome, often with an emphasis on defeat or setback.

Semantic Range

to strike, to smite down, to defeat (in battle), to inflict disease or calamity, to cause to stumble or fall, to bring about ruin or affliction

Root / Etymology

Root: נ-ג-ף (נָגַף). The root carries the sense of 'to strike, touch, or inflict a blow.' The qal stem usually refers to suffering defeat or a setback, while the hiphil stem generally means to inflict defeat, strike, or plague someone or something.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In early Israelite literature, נָגַף is used for military defeat (e.g. a nation or people being struck or overthrown), as well as for divine punishment such as plagues or affliction. The subject is often Yahweh as the agent of defeat or affliction, reinforcing divine sovereignty over outcomes in battle or communal misfortune. The idiomatically rendered “surely” (e.g. Exod 21:22) reflects the certain imposition of a penalty. Over time, the term retained its sense of a decisive blow or affliction, extending from literal striking in combat to the transmission of disease or disaster. Modern English translations often obscure the physicality and intensity of the term with renderings such as 'plague' or 'strike down,' sometimes missing the implication of defeat, humiliation, or being put to rout. Not to be confused with verbs emphasizing general smiting (נָכָה, H5221) or mere stumbling (כָּשַל), נָגַף specifically stresses being struck down, especially as an act of defeat or chastisement. Usage is concentrated in texts addressing military, legal, and theological themes, underscoring both physical and metaphoric senses of downfall or calamity.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe), inflict (a disease); beat, dash, hurt, plague, slay, smite (down), strike, stumble, [idiom] surely, put to the worse.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

נגף (n-g-p̄) — to strike, to defeat, to afflict

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H102	אַגָּף	his army-wings
H4046	מַגֵּפָה	in the striking-plague
H5063	נֶגֶף	the smiting-blow

Word Forms

28 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H5062-20`	וַ/יִּנָּ֥גֶף	vayinagef	`HC/VNw3ms`	and was defeated	and he was struck down	5
`H5062-19`	וַ/יִּגֹּ֥ף	vayigof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and-struck	and he was struck down	5
`H5062-26`	יִגֹּ֧ף	yigof	`HVqi3ms`	gores	he will be struck down	3
`H5062-09`	נִגָּף֮	nigaf	`HVNrmsa`	defeated	stricken one	3
`H5062-12`	נִגְּפוּ֙	nigefu	`HVNp3cp`	they were defeated	they were struck down	3
`H5062-21`	וַ/יִּנָּגְפ֖וּ	vayinagefu	`HC/VNw3mp`	and they were defeated	and they were struck down	3
`H5062-14`	נֹגֵ֛ף	nogef	`HVqrmsa`	is striking	striking one	2
`H5062-10`	נִגָּפִ֖ים	nigafim	`HVNrmpa`	defeated	struck-down ones	2
`H5062-16`	תִּנָּ֣גְפ֔וּ	tinagefu	`HVNi2mp`	you be defeated	you will be struck down	2
`H5062-04`	לִ/נְגֹּ֣ף	linegof	`HR/Vqc`	to strike	to strike down	2
`H5062-15`	תִּגֹּ֖ף	tigof	`HVqi2ms`	will stumble	you will be struck down	2
`H5062-01`	בְּֽ/הִנָּגֵ֞ף	behinagef	`HR/VNc`	when they are defeated	in being struck down	1
`H5062-27`	יִנָּגֵ֞ף	yinagef	`HVNi3ms`	is-defeated	he will be struck down	1
`H5062-18`	וַ/יִּגְּפֵ֥/הוּ	vayigefehu	`HC/Vqw3ms/Sp3ms`	and struck him	he struck him down	1
`H5062-05`	נָגַ֤ף	nagaf	`HVqp3ms`	struck down	he was struck down	1
`H5062-28`	יִֽתְנַגְּפ֥וּ	yitenagefu	`HVti3mp`	your-feet-stumble	they will strike themselves down	1
`H5062-23`	וְ/נָ֨גְפ֜וּ	venagefu	`HC/Vqq3cp`	and they strike	and they were struck down	1
`H5062-25`	יִגָּפֶ֑/נּוּ	yigafenu	`HVqi3ms/Sp1cp`	strikes-him	he will strike us	1
`H5062-11`	נִגָּ֑פוּ	nigafu	`HVNp3cp`	they were defeated	they were struck down	1
`H5062-22`	וְ/נָגַ֧ף	venagaf	`HC/Vqq3ms`	and-will-strike	and he was struck down	1
`H5062-13`	נִגּ֨וֹף	nigof	`HVNa`	defeated	to be struck down	1
`H5062-07`	נְגָפָ֧/נוּ	negafanu	`HVqp3ms/Sp1cp`	has he defeated us	he struck us	1
`H5062-03`	אֶגּֽוֹף	egof	`HVqi1cs`	I will thrust down	I will be struck down	1
`H5062-06`	נָגֹ֣ף	nagof	`HVqa`	striking	striking down	1
`H5062-02`	בְּ/נָגְפּ֥/וֹ	benagepo	`HR/Vqc/Sp3ms`	when He struck	in his striking down	1
`H5062-08`	נְגָפ֨/וֹ	negafo	`HVqp3ms/Sp3ms`	struck-him	he struck him	1
`H5062-17`	וָ/אֶגֹּ֣ף	vaegof	`HC/Vqw1cs`	and I plagued	and I struck down	1
`H5062-24`	וְ/נִגַּפְתֶּ֖ם	venigafetem	`HC/VNq2mp`	and you shall be defeated	and you will be struck down	1

Occurrences in Scripture

49 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H5062-14`	Exodus 7:27	נֹגֵ֛ף	nogef	`HVqrmsa`	will smite	striking one
`H5062-04`	Exodus 12:23	לִ/נְגֹּ֣ף	linegof	`HR/Vqc`	to strike	to strike down
`H5062-04`	Exodus 12:23	לִ/נְגֹּֽף	linegof-2	`HR/Vqc`	to strike	to strike down
`H5062-02`	Exodus 12:27	בְּ/נָגְפּ֥/וֹ	benagepo	`HR/Vqc/Sp3ms`	when He struck	in his striking down
`H5062-23`	Exodus 21:22	וְ/נָ֨גְפ֜וּ	venagefu	`HC/Vqq3cp`	and they strike	and they were struck down
`H5062-26`	Exodus 21:35	יִגֹּ֧ף	yigof	`HVqi3ms`	gores	he will be struck down
`H5062-19`	Exodus 32:35	וַ/יִּגֹּ֥ף	vayigof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and-struck	and he was struck down
`H5062-24`	Leviticus 26:17	וְ/נִגַּפְתֶּ֖ם	venigafetem	`HC/VNq2mp`	and you shall be defeated	and you will be struck down
`H5062-16`	Numbers 14:42	תִּנָּ֣גְפ֔וּ	tinagefu	`HVNi2mp`	you will be defeated	you will be struck down
`H5062-16`	Deuteronomy 1:42	תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ	tinagefu	`HVNi2mp`	you be defeated	you will be struck down
`H5062-10`	Deuteronomy 28:7	נִגָּפִ֖ים	nigafim	`HVNrmpa`	defeated	struck-down ones
`H5062-09`	Deuteronomy 28:25	נִגָּף֮	nigaf	`HVNrmsa`	defeated	stricken one
`H5062-17`	Joshua 24:5	וָ/אֶגֹּ֣ף	vaegof	`HC/Vqw1cs`	and I plagued	and I struck down
`H5062-10`	Judges 20:32	נִגָּפִ֥ים	nigafim	`HVNrmpa`	defeated	struck-down ones
`H5062-19`	Judges 20:35	וַ/יִּגֹּ֨ף	vayigof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and-struck	and he was struck down
`H5062-11`	Judges 20:36	נִגָּ֑פוּ	nigafu	`HVNp3cp`	they were defeated	they were struck down
`H5062-13`	Judges 20:39	נִגּ֨וֹף	nigof	`HVNa`	defeated	to be struck down
`H5062-09`	Judges 20:39	נִגָּ֥ף	nigaf	`HVNrmsa`	defeated	stricken one
`H5062-20`	1 Samuel 4:2	וַ/יִּנָּ֥גֶף	vayinagef	`HC/VNw3ms`	and was defeated	and he was struck down
`H5062-07`	1 Samuel 4:3	נְגָפָ֧/נוּ	negafanu	`HVqp3ms/Sp1cp`	has he defeated us	he struck us
`H5062-20`	1 Samuel 4:10	וַ/יִּנָּ֤גֶף	vayinagef	`HC/VNw3ms`	and was defeated	and he was struck down
`H5062-21`	1 Samuel 7:10	וַ/יִּנָּגְפ֖וּ	vayinagefu	`HC/VNw3mp`	and they were defeated	and they were struck down
`H5062-19`	1 Samuel 25:38	וַ/יִּגֹּ֧ף	vayigof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	struck	and he was struck down
`H5062-25`	1 Samuel 26:10	יִגָּפֶ֑/נּוּ	yigafenu	`HVqi3ms/Sp1cp`	strikes-him	he will strike us
`H5062-20`	2 Samuel 2:17	וַ/יִּנָּ֤גֶף	vayinagef	`HC/VNw3ms`	and was defeated	and he was struck down
`H5062-09`	2 Samuel 10:15	נִגַּ֖ף	nigaf	`HVNp3ms`	they had been defeated	stricken one
`H5062-12`	2 Samuel 10:19	נִגְּפוּ֙	nigefu	`HVNp3cp`	they were defeated	they were struck down
`H5062-19`	2 Samuel 12:15	וַ/יִּגֹּ֣ף	vayigof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	And struck	and he was struck down
`H5062-21`	2 Samuel 18:7	וַ/יִּנָּ֤גְפוּ	vayinagefu	`HC/VNw3mp`	and they were defeated	and they were struck down
`H5062-01`	1 Kings 8:33	בְּֽ/הִנָּגֵ֞ף	behinagef	`HR/VNc`	when they are defeated	in being struck down
`H5062-20`	2 Kings 14:12	וַ/יִּנָּ֥גֶף	vayinagef	`HC/VNw3ms`	And Judah was defeated	and he was struck down
`H5062-22`	Isaiah 19:22	וְ/נָגַ֧ף	venagaf	`HC/Vqq3ms`	and-will-strike	and he was struck down
`H5062-06`	Isaiah 19:22	נָגֹ֣ף	nagof	`HVqa`	striking	striking down
`H5062-28`	Jeremiah 13:16	יִֽתְנַגְּפ֥וּ	yitenagefu	`HVti3mp`	your-feet-stumble	they will strike themselves down
`H5062-26`	Zechariah 14:12	יִגֹּ֤ף	yigof	`HVqi3ms`	will strike	he will be struck down
`H5062-26`	Zechariah 14:18	יִגֹּ֤ף	yigof	`HVqi3ms`	will smite	he will be struck down
`H5062-03`	Psalms 89:24	אֶגּֽוֹף	egof	`HVqi1cs`	I will thrust down	I will be struck down
`H5062-15`	Psalms 91:12	תִּגֹּ֖ף	tigof	`HVqi2ms`	you-strike	you will be struck down
`H5062-15`	Proverbs 3:23	תִגּֽוֹף	tigof	`HVqi3fs`	will stumble	you will be struck down
`H5062-12`	1 Chronicles 19:16	נִגְּפוּ֮	nigefu	`HVNp3cp`	they had been defeated	they were struck down
`H5062-12`	1 Chronicles 19:19	נִגְּפוּ֙	nigefu	`HVNp3cp`	they were defeated	they were struck down
`H5062-27`	2 Chronicles 6:24	יִנָּגֵ֞ף	yinagef	`HVNi3ms`	is-defeated	he will be struck down
`H5062-05`	2 Chronicles 13:15	נָגַ֤ף	nagaf	`HVqp3ms`	struck down	he was struck down
`H5062-18`	2 Chronicles 13:20	וַ/יִּגְּפֵ֥/הוּ	vayigefehu	`HC/Vqw3ms/Sp3ms`	and struck him	he struck him down
`H5062-19`	2 Chronicles 14:11	וַ/יִּגֹּ֤ף	vayigof	`HC/Vqw3ms`	and struck down	and he was struck down
`H5062-21`	2 Chronicles 20:22	וַ/יִּנָּגֵֽפוּ	vayinagefu	`HC/VNw3mp`	and they were defeated	and they were struck down
`H5062-14`	2 Chronicles 21:14	נֹגֵ֛ף	nogef	`HVqrmsa`	is striking	striking one
`H5062-08`	2 Chronicles 21:18	נְגָפ֨/וֹ	negafo	`HVqp3ms/Sp3ms`	struck-him	he struck him
`H5062-20`	2 Chronicles 25:22	וַ/יִּנָּ֥גֶף	vayinagef	`HC/VNw3ms`	and was defeated	and he was struck down

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