נִינְוֵה

𐤍𐤉𐤍𐤅𐤄

Nineveh

H5210 noun

SILEX Entry

Root uncertain uncertain, foreign place name; possibly 'Nineveh, (Assyrian) capital'

Definition

Nineveh, a major ancient city located on the eastern bank of the Tigris River, serving as the capital of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. The word is a proper noun denoting both the physical city and, by extension, its inhabitants or as a synecdoche for the Assyrian imperial power.

Semantic Range

Nineveh (as a city), capital of the Assyrian Empire, symbol of power and judgment, the inhabitants of Nineveh (by synecdoche)

Root / Etymology

Of foreign origin, not derived from a Semitic root, but likely from Akkadian (Ninua or Ninâ), possibly related to a word meaning 'settlement of the goddess Ishtar,' but the etymology remains uncertain.

Historical & Contextual Notes

נִינְוֵה (Nineveh) occurs most prominently in the prophetic books Jonah and Nahum, where it represents the Assyrian imperial center, renowned for both its size and its perceived wickedness in Israelite prophetic literature. Its mention in Genesis 10 links it with the early development of Mesopotamian urbanism. Later biblical texts use Nineveh as an archetype of foreign dominance and eventual downfall, particularly in exilic and post-exilic writings. English translations uniformly retain 'Nineveh' as the name, matching ancient sources. There is no evidence the term was ever used for something other than the city or its symbolic role in the literature of the Hebrew Bible. Unlike other foreign cities in Israelite texts, Nineveh is never conflated with Israelite or Judahite identities, always speaking to its foreignness and imperial power.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

of foreign origin; Nineveh, the capital of Assyria; Nineveh.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

נינוה (n-y-n-w-h (foreign)) — foreign place name, Nineveh, Assyrian capital

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H5210-02 נִ֣ינְוֵ֔ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh 11
H5210-03 וְ/נִֽינְוֵ֗ה venineveh HC/Np and Nineveh and Nineveh 3
H5210-01 בְּ/נִֽינְוֵֽה benineveh HR/Np in Nineveh in Nineveh 3

Occurrences in Scripture

17 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H5210-02 Genesis 10:11 נִ֣ינְוֵ֔ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh
H5210-02 Genesis 10:12 נִֽינְוֵ֖ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh
H5210-01 2 Kings 19:36 בְּ/נִֽינְוֵֽה benineveh HR/Np in Nineveh in Nineveh
H5210-01 Isaiah 37:37 בְּ/נִֽינְוֵֽה benineveh HR/Np in-Nineveh in Nineveh
H5210-02 Jonah 1:2 נִֽינְוֵ֛ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh
H5210-02 Jonah 3:2 נִֽינְוֵ֖ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh
H5210-02 Jonah 3:3 נִֽינְוֶ֖ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh
H5210-03 Jonah 3:3 וְ/נִֽינְוֵ֗ה venineveh HC/Np and Nineveh and Nineveh
H5210-03 Jonah 3:4 וְ/נִֽינְוֵ֖ה venineveh HC/Np and Nineveh and Nineveh
H5210-02 Jonah 3:5 נִֽינְוֵ֖ה nineveh HNp Nineveh Nineveh