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נֹקֶף

𐤍𐤒𐤐

nôqeph

H5363 noun

SILEX Entry

Root נּקף to strike, to knock off, to encircle, to beat

Definition

A process involving the detachment or shaking off, especially used in reference to the removal or knocking down of olives from trees by beating or shaking. By extension, can designate an incident of harvesting by forcible removal, particularly in the context of olives.

Semantic Range

beating (of olive trees), shaking down (olives), knocking off (fruit), process or event of harvest by removal (especially via physical impact)

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root נקף (n-q-p), which carries the sense of 'to encircle, strike, knock, beat, or cut off.' In this nominal form, the word specifically refers to the act or result of beating off, especially olives from trees.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The term נֹקֶף appears in the context of olive harvesting (e.g., Deut 24:20), describing the method of beating the olive tree to separate the fruit from the branches. In biblical agrarian society, this agricultural technique was significant—distinguishing between threshing grains and the particular method used for olives. This word does not have the broader semantic range of the general 'harvest' terms (e.g., קָצִיר for reaping grain). English translations often render this as 'beating' or 'shaking,' but these may obscure the specific agricultural practice implied. Over time, the verb נקף also developed broader uses (e.g., to strike or move in a circle), but the noun נֹקֶף in biblical usage remains tightly bound to olive harvesting. Later Jewish agricultural laws reference related practices, but with increased technical specificity. The use of 'shaking' or 'beating' as a translation may not fully convey the connection to olive trees and the specific seasonal practice in the Israelite agricultural cycle.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from נָקַף; a threshing (of olives); shaking.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

נקף (n-q-p) — to strike, to knock off, to beat, to encircle

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H5362 נָקַף causing to encircle
H5364 נִקְפָּה encircling cord
H8622 תְּקוּפָה to the cycle-of

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H5363-01 כְּ/נֹ֣קֶף kenoqef HR/Ncmsc like-shaking-of like the knocking-off like the beating 2

Occurrences in Scripture

2 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H5363-01 Isaiah 17:6 כְּ/נֹ֣קֶף kenoqef HR/Ncmsc like the beating like the knocking-off like the beating
H5363-01 Isaiah 24:13 כְּ/נֹ֣קֶף kenoqef HR/Ncmsc like-shaking-of like the knocking-off like the knocking-off
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