סְבָאִי

𐤎𐤁𐤀𐤉

Sevai

H5436 noun

SILEX Entry

Root סבא to surround, turn, go around (for the root; here serves only as a place name without semantic influence)

Definition

A person originating from or belonging to Seba, an ancient region or kingdom mentioned in biblical texts, usually associated with Nubia or the Upper Nile area. The term is an ethnonym identifying an inhabitant or descendant of Seba, distinct from adjacent groups such as Cushites or Egyptians. The designation primarily serves a geographic and ethnic function and does not inherently indicate religious or social status beyond place of origin.

Semantic Range

inhabitant of Seba, person of Sebaite descent, member of the Sebaite community, ethnonym for group from the region of Seba

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root סְבָא (Seba), referencing the place name Seba, with the adjectival or patronymic ending -י indicating origin or descent ('of Seba,' 'Sebaite'). The root itself has no independent lexical meaning beyond the toponym.

Historical & Contextual Notes

סְבָאִי appears in post-exilic biblical texts (e.g., Nehemiah 7:47) as a designation for individuals or families associated with Seba during lists of temple servants returning from Babylonian exile. Seba is mentioned elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible as a distant, notable region in Africa (Genesis 10:7; Isaiah 43:3; Psalm 72:10). English translations often render this term as 'Sabean,' a form influenced by later Greco-Roman usage, but historically, it referred to peoples of the region broadly associated with the Upper Nile, not the South Arabian Sabaeans. Use of 'Sabean' in translations can obscure the connection to the Nile Valley and suggest a link to South Arabia that is not substantiated contextually. Usage in the Hebrew Bible emphasizes ethnic and geographic identity linked to Seba, with little reference to specific social or religious traits.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

patrial from סְבָא; a Sebaite, or inhabitant of Seba; Sabean.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

סבא (s-b-ʾ) — to surround, turn, go around (root); as a toponym, Seba

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H5433 סָבָא deep-drinkers
H5434 סְבָא Seba
H5435 סֹבֶא their intoxicating drink

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H5436-01 וּ/סְבָאִים֮ usevaim HC/Np and-Sabeans and Sebaites 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H5436-01 Isaiah 45:14 וּ/סְבָאִים֮ usevaim HC/Np and-Sabeans and Sebaites