סֵעֵף

𐤎𐤏𐤐

çêʻêph

H5588 adjective

SILEX Entry

Root סעף to branch off, split, divide

Definition

Split, divided; particularly used to describe a state of inner division, such as divided thoughts, wavering intentions, or irresoluteness. In its concrete usage, refers to someone of divided mind or spirit, characterized by doubt or skepticism. The term conveys the idea of being torn between different options or loyalties, often with a sense of internal conflict.

Semantic Range

split, divided, divided (in mind), division, inner conflict, wavering, irresolute, person of divided mind, uncertain, torn (internally)

Root / Etymology

From the root סָעַף (saʻaf), meaning 'to branch off, be split, divide.' The noun סֵעֵף (se'ef) is derived from this root and takes on the sense of division, especially in a metaphorical or psychological sense referring to inner conflict or a divided state of mind.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The term סֵעֵף appears only in poetic or wisdom literature, notably in Psalms 119:113. In the context of ancient Israelite thought, being 'divided' in mind contrasts with the ideal of wholehearted devotion (תָּם—'whole, blameless'). While later English translations sometimes render סֵעֵף as 'double-minded' or 'skeptic,' the original meaning is not specifically focused on skepticism but rather a general condition of mental or spiritual division. The word does not directly refer to a philosophical skeptic but rather to anyone wavering in resolve or loyalty. Its rarity in the Hebrew Bible limits evidence for shifts over time, but related terms like 'double heart' (לֵב וָלֵב) in Psalms 12:3 reinforce the theme of divided internal disposition. By Second Temple times, related Greek concepts such as διψυχος ('double-souled', James 1:8) closely mirror the Hebrew notion, but the term סֵעֵף itself has no technical theological sense in the Tanakh.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from סָעַף; divided (in mind), i.e. (concretely) a skeptic; thought.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

סעף (s-ʿ-p) — to split, divide, branch off

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H5585 סָעִיף in split-off of
H5586 סָעַף branch-lopping one
H5587 סָעִף in divided thoughts
H5589 סְעַפָּה in his twigs
H5634 סַרְעַפָּה his twigs

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H5588-01 סֵעֲפִ֥ים seafim HAampa double-minded ones divided-minded ones divided-minded ones 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H5588-01 Psalms 119:113 סֵעֲפִ֥ים seafim HAampa double-minded ones divided-minded ones divided-minded ones