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עִדָּן

𐤏𐤃𐤍

ʻiddân

H5732 noun

SILEX Entry

Root עדן to set, appoint (a time), determine (a period)

Definition

A specific period, appointed or fixed time, or era; most commonly denotes an interval or measurable unit of time, such as a season or year, especially in official, ritual, or eschatological contexts. May refer to a designated time for an event or a cyclical period within historical narratives.

Semantic Range

appointed time, set period, era, season, year (in some technical or ritual contexts), interval, duration, time (generic), epoch

Root / Etymology

The word appears in the Aramaic sections of the Hebrew Bible and is derived from an Aramaic root likely corresponding to the Hebrew עֵד (ʿēd, 'witness') or more plausibly from a root indicating 'time' or 'appointed period.' However, the precise Hebrew root is uncertain, and the word functions as a substantive in Aramaic, disconnected from the nuance of 'witness.' The term is not used in Biblical Hebrew in this form but is common in later Aramaic and related Semitic languages.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, עִדָּן (ʿiddān) appears only in the Aramaic portions, particularly in Daniel. It is used to mark pivotal prophetic periods, designated intervals in visions, or calendrical years, such as in Daniel 2:21; 3:5; 4:16, 23, 25, 32; 7:12 and 12:7. Its main function is quantitative, whether a generic 'period' or a more technical 'year' or 'season.' In Daniel, 'times, times and half a time' (for example) indicates a symbolic period of testing or tribulation. The term overlaps with other Aramaic and Hebrew words for 'appointed time' (מוֹעֵד, זְמַן) but does not carry the same associations of festival or legal assembly. In postbiblical Aramaic and Jewish literature, the term continues as a generic reference to 'time.' English translations as 'year' are usually context-dependent, and 'season,' 'period,' or 'era' may better capture the broader usage, especially in apocalyptic contexts.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to that of עֵד; a set time; technically, a year; time.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

עדן (ʿ-d-n) — to set, appoint, determine (a time)

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H4574 מַעֲדָן luxury delicacies
H5719 עָדִין delicate woman
H5720 עָדִין Delicate One
H5721 עֲדִינָא Refined-one
H5722 עֲדִינוֹ Adino

Word Forms

8 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H5732-05 עִדָּנִ֖ין idanin ANcmpa times appointed times 4
H5732-03 עִדָּנָ֖/א idana ANcmsd/Td time the appointed period 2
H5732-02 עִדָּ֥ן idan ANcmsa a time appointed time 2
H5732-04 עִדָּנַיָּ/א֙ idanaya ANcmpd/Td the times the appointed times 1
H5732-01 בְּ/עִדָּנָ֡/א beidana AR/Ncmsd/Td at the time in the appointed time 1
H5732-06 וְ/עִדָּֽן veidan AC/Ncmsa and a time appointed period 1
H5732-08 וְ/עִדָּנִ֖ין veidanin AC/Ncmpa and times and appointed periods 1
H5732-07 בְ/עִדָּנָ֡/א veidana AR/Ncmsd/Td at the time in the appointed period 1

Occurrences in Scripture

13 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H5732-03 Daniel 2:8 עִדָּנָ֖/א idana ANcmsd/Td time the appointed period
H5732-03 Daniel 2:9 עִדָּנָ֖/א idana ANcmsd/Td the time the appointed period
H5732-04 Daniel 2:21 עִדָּנַיָּ/א֙ idanaya ANcmpd/Td the times the appointed times
H5732-01 Daniel 3:5 בְּ/עִדָּנָ֡/א beidana AR/Ncmsd/Td at the time in the appointed time
H5732-07 Daniel 3:15 בְ/עִדָּנָ֡/א veidana AR/Ncmsd/Td at the time in the appointed period
H5732-05 Daniel 4:13 עִדָּנִ֖ין idanin ANcmpa times appointed times
H5732-05 Daniel 4:20 עִדָּנִ֖ין idanin AAcbsa times appointed times
H5732-05 Daniel 4:22 עִדָּנִ֖ין idanin ANcmpa times appointed times
H5732-05 Daniel 4:29 עִדָּנִ֖ין idanin ANcmpa times appointed times
H5732-06 Daniel 7:12 וְ/עִדָּֽן veidan AC/Ncmsa and a time appointed period
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