עֲדַר
𐤏𐤃𐤓
ʻădar
H5737 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To be lacking or missing, to be absent or no longer present. In verbal contexts, refers to being found wanting, failing to appear, or not being present when expected. In some contexts, also implies the act of arranging or setting in order, especially in connection to groups (such as mustering troops or arranging a vineyard), but most frequently conveys the sense of something or someone being absent or failing to be found.
Semantic Range
to be lacking, to be missing, to fail to appear, to be absent, to be unaccounted for, to arrange (as in mustering troops or tending a vineyard)
Root / Etymology
Root עדר (ʻ-d-r), thought to denote absence, lack, or failure to be present. The verbal form עֲדַר derives from this root, with forms conveying either active or stative senses related to 'being missing, absent.' The connection to arranging (i.e., as a muster or array) likely derives from the process of making a group complete or noting who is lacking during an arrangement.
Historical & Contextual Notes
In the Hebrew Bible, עֲדַר appears primarily in the Niphal and Hithpael stems, most frequently denoting the state of being absent, missing, or lacking (e.g., 1 Samuel 25:7; Proverbs 27:24). While Strong's includes 'arrange' or 'keep rank' due to possible connections with mustering soldiers or tending a vineyard (possibly implicit in contexts of arranging or organizing), the dominant sense is negative—referring to a deficiency or the absence of someone or something. In later Hebrew, meanings remain focused on absence or lack. English translations often limit the term to 'fail,' 'be lacking,' or 'miss,' but the core nuance is more precisely the state of something being missing or unaccounted for. Semantic overlap with roots such as חסר (to lack) or אָפֵס (to cease, be no more) is significant, though עדר is more focused on the dynamic of expecting a presence and finding it absent, whereas חסר deals generally with shortage. Not to be confused with עֶדֶר (H5739, 'flock, herd'). The translation as 'to arrange' reflects a marginal or context-specific sense not dominant across biblical usage.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primitive root; to arrange as a battle, a vineyard (to hoe); hence, to muster and so to miss (or find wanting); dig, fail, keep (rank), lack.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been submitted for this word yet.
+ Add Bantu Hebrew WordRoot Family
עדר (ʿ-d-r) — to be absent, to lack, to be missing, to fail to appear
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H145 | אֶדֶר | mustered herd |
| H4029 | מִגְדַּל־עֵדֶר | flock |
| H4576 | מַעְדֵּר | with the hoe |
| H5738 | עֶדֶר | And Eder |
| H5739 | עֵדֶר | mustered herds |
Word Forms
7 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H5737-01 |
נֶעְדַּר | needar | HVNp3ms |
fails | one being absent | 4 |
H5737-06 |
יְעַדְּר֖וּ | yeaderu | HVpi3mp |
they-made-lacking | they make lacking | 1 |
H5737-07 |
יֵעָ֣דֵר֔וּ/ן | yeaderun | HVNi3mp/Sn |
were digged | they will be absent | 1 |
H5737-05 |
יֵעָדֵ֔ר | yeader | HVNi3ms |
hoed | he will be missing | 1 |
H5737-04 |
וְ/לַ/עֲדֹ֖ר | velaador | HC/R/Vqc |
and to Ador | and to be missing | 1 |
H5737-03 |
נֶעְדֶּ֔רֶת | neederet | HVNrfsa |
lacking | the one being absent | 1 |
H5737-02 |
נֶעְדָּ֔רָה | needarah | HVNp3fs |
will be missing | she was missing | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
10 total occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H5737-01 |
1 Samuel 30:19 | נֶעְדַּר | needar | HVNp3ms |
was-missing | one being absent |
H5737-01 |
2 Samuel 17:22 | נֶעְדָּ֔ר | needar | HVNp3ms |
was left | one being absent |
H5737-06 |
1 Kings 5:7 | יְעַדְּר֖וּ | yeaderu | HVpi3mp |
they-made-lacking | they make lacking |
H5737-05 |
Isaiah 5:6 | יֵעָדֵ֔ר | yeader | HVNi3ms |
hoed | he will be missing |
H5737-07 |
Isaiah 7:25 | יֵעָ֣דֵר֔וּ/ן | yeaderun | HVNi3mp/Sn |
were digged | they will be absent |
H5737-02 |
Isaiah 34:16 | נֶעְדָּ֔רָה | needarah | HVNp3fs |
will be missing | she was missing |
H5737-01 |
Isaiah 40:26 | נֶעְדָּֽר | needar | HVNp3ms |
is missing | one being absent |
H5737-03 |
Isaiah 59:15 | נֶעְדֶּ֔רֶת | neederet | HVNrfsa |
lacking | the one being absent |
H5737-01 |
Zephaniah 3:5 | נֶעְדָּ֔ר | needar | HVNp3ms |
fails | one being absent |
H5737-04 |
1 Chronicles 12:34 | וְ/לַ/עֲדֹ֖ר | velaador | HC/R/Vqc |
and to Ador | and to be missing |