עֵדֶר (H5739) — Hebrew Lexicon

עֵדֶר

𐤏𐤃𐤓

ʻêder

H5739 noun

SILEX Entry

Root עדר to arrange, organize, muster

Definition

A collective term for a group of domesticated animals, particularly small livestock such as sheep or goats, occasionally large animals like cattle; refers to an organized grouping or collection of such animals, usually under human oversight. The semantic range includes smaller assemblies of animals as well as larger drives or herds, primarily in pastoral and agricultural contexts.

Semantic Range

group of domesticated animals, flock, herd, drove, muster, organized livestock

Root / Etymology

Root עדר, meaning 'to arrange, order, muster.' The noun עֵדֶר is derived from this root and refers to that which is arranged or gathered, specifically in reference to animals. The connection between the root's core sense and the noun is the notion of purposeful grouping.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In biblical usage, עֵדֶר is most commonly applied to sheep or goats but can refer generally to any collectively managed group of animals. Its use is prominent in patriarchal narratives depicting pastoral society, such as those involving Abraham, Jacob, and other early Israelites (e.g., Genesis 29:2–3). The word carries connotations of both ownership and organization, distinguishing it from terms for wild or unclaimed animals. While English translations often use 'flock' or 'herd,' the Hebrew term can apply to different species, determined by immediate context; 'flock' is most common where sheep or goats are in view, but 'herd' may be suitable for cattle (e.g., Deuteronomy 7:14). Another related word, צֹאן (flock, sheep/goats), can overlap in meaning but is more specific in referring to smaller cattle. The word עֵדֶר appears primarily in historical and narrative books, less frequently in later biblical Hebrew, as the socio-economic context shifts away from a dominant pastoral lifestyle. Post-biblical usage of this term is limited. The term does not refer to wild animal groupings or birds.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from עֲדַר; an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals); drove, flock, herd.

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Root Family

עדר (ʿ-d-r) — arrange, organize, muster

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H145	אֶדֶר	mustered herd
H4029	מִגְדַּל־עֵדֶר	flock
H4576	מַעְדֵּר	with the hoe
H5737	עֲדַר	one being absent
H5738	עֶדֶר	And Eder
H5740	עֵדֶר	and Eder

Word Forms

16 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H5739-05`	עֵ֥דֶר	eder	`HNcmsa`	herd	organized livestock herd	7
`H5739-11`	כְּ/עֵ֨דֶר֙	keeder	`HR/Ncmsa`	like a flock	like a mustered herd	5
`H5739-08`	הָ/עֲדָרִ֑ים	haadarim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	the flocks	the organized herds	4
`H5739-01`	עֲדָרִים֙	adarim	`HNcmpa`	flocks	mustered herds	4
`H5739-06`	עֶדְרֵי	ederey	`HNcmpc`	the flocks	arranged herds of	4
`H5739-07`	עֶדְר֣/וֹ	edero	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	his flock	his organized herd	4
`H5739-12`	לַ/עֲדָרִ֣ים	laadarim	`HR/Ncmpa`	for flocks	for organized herds	2
`H5739-03`	בְּ/עֶדְרֵי	beederey	`HR/Ncmpc`	among flocks	in herds of	1
`H5739-04`	בְּ/עֶדְר/וֹ֙	beedero	`HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	in-his-flock	in his organized herd	1
`H5739-10`	כַּ֝/עֵ֗דֶר	kaeder	`HRd/Ncmsa`	like a flock	like a mustered flock	1
`H5739-14`	וַ/עֲדָרִ֖ים	vaadarim	`HC/Ncmpa`	and folds	and organized herds	1
`H5739-13`	מֵ/הָ/עֵֽדֶר	mehaeder	`HR/Td/Ncmsa`	from the flock	from the organized herd	1
`H5739-15`	וְ/עֶדְרֵי/הֶ֑ם	veedereyhem	`HC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp`	and their flocks	and their mustered herds	1
`H5739-09`	הָ/עֵ֨דֶר֙	haeder	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the flock	the organized flock	1
`H5739-02`	בַּ/עֵֽדֶר	baeder	`HRd/Ncmsa`	with flocks	in the mustered herd	1
`H5739-16`	וְ/עֶדְר֔/וֹ	veedero	`HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	and-his-flock	and his herd	1

Occurrences in Scripture

39 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H5739-06`	Genesis 29:2	עֶדְרֵי	ederey	`HNcmpc`	flocks	arranged herds of
`H5739-08`	Genesis 29:2	הָ/עֲדָרִ֑ים	haadarim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	the flocks	the organized herds
`H5739-08`	Genesis 29:3	הָ/עֲדָרִ֗ים	haadarim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	the flocks	the organized herds
`H5739-08`	Genesis 29:8	הָ֣/עֲדָרִ֔ים	haadarim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	the flocks	the organized herds
`H5739-01`	Genesis 30:40	עֲדָרִים֙	adarim	`HNcmpa`	flocks/droves	mustered herds
`H5739-05`	Genesis 32:17	עֵ֥דֶר	eder	`HNcmsa`	herd	organized livestock herd
`H5739-05`	Genesis 32:17	עֵ֖דֶר	eder-2	`HNcmsa`	herd	organized livestock herd
`H5739-05`	Genesis 32:17	עֵ֖דֶר	eder-3	`HNcmsa`	herd	organized livestock herd
`H5739-05`	Genesis 32:17	עֵֽדֶר	eder-4	`HNcmsa`	herd	organized livestock herd
`H5739-08`	Genesis 32:20	הָ/עֲדָרִ֖ים	haadarim	`HTd/Ncmpa`	the herds	the organized herds
`H5739-01`	Judges 5:16	עֲדָרִ֑ים	adarim	`HNcmpa`	of the flocks	mustered herds
`H5739-13`	1 Samuel 17:34	מֵ/הָ/עֵֽדֶר	mehaeder	`HR/Td/Ncmsa`	from the flock	from the organized herd
`H5739-12`	Isaiah 17:2	לַ/עֲדָרִ֣ים	laadarim	`HR/Ncmpa`	for flocks	for organized herds
`H5739-01`	Isaiah 32:14	עֲדָרִֽים	adarim	`HNcmpa`	flocks	mustered herds
`H5739-07`	Isaiah 40:11	עֶדְר֣/וֹ	edero	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	his flock	his organized herd
`H5739-15`	Jeremiah 6:3	וְ/עֶדְרֵי/הֶ֑ם	veedereyhem	`HC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp`	and their flocks	and their mustered herds
`H5739-05`	Jeremiah 13:17	עֵ֥דֶר	eder	`HNcmsc`	flock	organized livestock herd
`H5739-09`	Jeremiah 13:20	הָ/עֵ֨דֶר֙	haeder	`HTd/Ncmsa`	the flock	the organized flock
`H5739-07`	Jeremiah 31:10	עֶדְרֽ/וֹ	edero	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	his-flock	his organized herd
`H5739-02`	Jeremiah 31:24	בַּ/עֵֽדֶר	baeder	`HRd/Ncmsa`	with flocks	in the mustered herd
`H5739-16`	Jeremiah 51:23	וְ/עֶדְר֔/וֹ	veedero	`HC/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	and-his-flock	and his herd
`H5739-07`	Ezekiel 34:12	עֶדְר֜/וֹ	edero	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	his flock	his organized herd
`H5739-06`	Joel 1:18	עֶדְרֵ֣י	ederey	`HNcmpc`	the herds	arranged herds of
`H5739-06`	Joel 1:18	עֶדְרֵ֥י	ederey-2	`HNcmpc`	the flocks	arranged herds of
`H5739-11`	Micah 2:12	כְּ/עֵ֨דֶר֙	keeder	`HR/Ncmsa`	like a flock	like a mustered herd
`H5739-05`	Micah 4:8	עֵ֗דֶר	eder	`HNcmsa`	of the flock	organized livestock herd
`H5739-03`	Micah 5:7	בְּ/עֶדְרֵי	beederey	`HR/Ncmpc`	among flocks	in herds of
`H5739-01`	Zephaniah 2:14	עֲדָרִים֙	adarim	`HNcmpa`	herds	mustered herds
`H5739-07`	Zechariah 10:3	עֶדְר/וֹ֙	edero	`HNcmsc/Sp3ms`	his flock	his organized herd
`H5739-04`	Malachi 1:14	בְּ/עֶדְר/וֹ֙	beedero	`HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms`	in-his-flock	in his organized herd
`H5739-10`	Psalms 78:52	כַּ֝/עֵ֗דֶר	kaeder	`HRd/Ncmsa`	like a flock	like a mustered flock
`H5739-12`	Proverbs 27:23	לַ/עֲדָרִֽים	laadarim	`HR/Ncmpa`	to-the-herds	for organized herds
`H5739-05`	Job 24:2	עֵ֥דֶר	eder	`HNcmsa`	flock	organized livestock herd
`H5739-06`	Song of Songs 1:7	עֶדְרֵ֥י	ederey	`HNcmpc`	the flocks	arranged herds of
`H5739-11`	Song of Songs 4:1	כְּ/עֵ֣דֶר	keeder	`HR/Ncmsc`	like a flock	like a mustered herd
`H5739-11`	Song of Songs 4:2	כְּ/עֵ֣דֶר	keeder	`HR/Ncmsc`	like a flock	like a mustered herd
`H5739-11`	Song of Songs 6:5	כְּ/עֵ֣דֶר	keeder	`HR/Ncmsc`	like a flock	like a mustered herd
`H5739-11`	Song of Songs 6:6	כְּ/עֵ֣דֶר	keeder	`HR/Ncmsc`	like a flock	like a mustered herd
`H5739-14`	2 Chronicles 32:28	וַ/עֲדָרִ֖ים	vaadarim	`HC/Ncmpa`	and folds	and organized herds

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