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עָכַר

𐤏𐤊𐤓

ʻâkar

H5916 verb

SILEX Entry

Root עכר to disturb, to trouble, to bring disorder

Definition

To disturb, disrupt, or bring into disorder; used both of physical disturbance (e.g., muddying or stirring up water) and, more commonly, of creating trouble, harm, or disorder within a social, familial, or religious sphere.

Semantic Range

to stir up (water), to disturb, to trouble, to bring calamity upon, to disrupt social or religious order, to cause misfortune

Root / Etymology

Root ע-כ-ר (עָכַר), meaning 'to disturb' or 'trouble.' The verb form generally conveys the sense of upsetting or disrupting an established order, either physically (as with water) or metaphorically (as with people or situations). The lexical meaning of the root is 'to disturb,' but the most common usage is in the sense of causing trouble or bringing about calamity.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, עָכַר appears in narratives where a person or event causes significant trouble, disruption, or misfortune to others, whether within a family (e.g., Achan as the 'troubler of Israel'; Joshua 7:25) or in the context of broader social discord (e.g., Elijah as 'troubling' Israel; 1 Kings 18:17). While its literal sense is to stir or muddy water, by the time of most biblical texts its metaphorical uses dominate. It does not carry the sense of minor inconvenience, but rather of bringing about serious disruption or calamity, especially by violating social or religious expectations. English translations may narrow the sense to 'trouble,' but biblical usage is broader, emphasizing active disturbance rather than passive affliction. There is a distinction from related terms such as פָּרַע ('to make bare, to let go, to be unrestrained') or הָפַךְ ('to overturn, turn upside down'), as עָכַר implies disturbance of order and creation of a new, negative situation, not simply chaos or change.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; properly, to roil water; figuratively, to disturb or affict; trouble, stir.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

עכר (ʿ-k-r) — to disturb, to trouble, to bring disorder

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H5911 עָכוֹר Trouble-vale
H5917 עָכָר he troubled
H5918 עׇכְרָן Troubler

Word Forms

11 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H5916-08 עֹכֵ֥ר okher HVqrmsa troubles the one who disturbs 4
H5916-04 עָכַ֨רְתִּי֙ akhareti HVqp1cs I have troubled I disturbed 1
H5916-02 עֲכַרְתָּ֔/נוּ akharetanu HVqp2ms/Sp1cp have you troubled us you disturbed us 1
H5916-05 בְּ/עֹֽכְרָ֑/י beokheray HR/Vqrmpc/Sp1cs one of those who trouble me in my disturbers 1
H5916-09 וַ/עֲכַרְתֶּ֖ם vaakharetem HC/Vqq2mp and trouble you disturbed 1
H5916-03 עֲכַרְתֶּ֣ם akharetem HVqp2mp you have brought trouble you disturbed 1
H5916-01 עָכַ֥ר akhar HVqp3ms has troubled he disturbed 1
H5916-06 נֶעְכָּֽר neekar HVNp3ms was stirred was disturbed 1
H5916-11 יַעְכֳּרְ/ךָ֥ yaekorekha HVqi3ms/Sp2ms will trouble you he will disturb you 1
H5916-10 וְ/עֹכֵ֥ר veokher HC/Vqrmsa but troubles disturbing one 1

Occurrences in Scripture

14 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H5916-03 Genesis 34:30 עֲכַרְתֶּ֣ם akharetem HVqp2mp you have brought trouble you disturbed
H5916-09 Joshua 6:18 וַ/עֲכַרְתֶּ֖ם vaakharetem HC/Vqq2mp and trouble you disturbed
H5916-02 Joshua 7:25 עֲכַרְתָּ֔/נוּ akharetanu HVqp2ms/Sp1cp have you troubled us you disturbed us
H5916-11 Joshua 7:25 יַעְכֳּרְ/ךָ֥ yaekorekha HVqi3ms/Sp2ms will trouble you he will disturb you
H5916-05 Judges 11:35 בְּ/עֹֽכְרָ֑/י beokheray HR/Vqrmpc/Sp1cs one of those who trouble me in my disturbers
H5916-01 1 Samuel 14:29 עָכַ֥ר akhar HVqp3ms has troubled he disturbed
H5916-08 1 Kings 18:17 עֹכֵ֥ר okher HVqrmsa troubler the one who disturbs
H5916-04 1 Kings 18:18 עָכַ֨רְתִּי֙ akhareti HVqp1cs I have troubled I disturbed
H5916-06 Psalms 39:3 נֶעְכָּֽר neekar HVNp3ms was stirred was disturbed
H5916-10 Proverbs 11:17 וְ/עֹכֵ֥ר veokher HC/Vqrmsa but troubles disturbing one
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