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עֵנָב

𐤏𐤍𐤁

ʻênâb

H6025 noun

SILEX Entry

Root ענב to produce fruit, to bear grapes, to be fruitful

Definition

Grape—the fruit of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera), whether fresh, ripe, or in the process of drying; by extension can also denote the collective grapes of a vine or vineyard as an agricultural product. In poetic passages, sometimes emblematic of fruitfulness, prosperity, or blessings. Rarely, the term can refer more generally to fruit clusters, but its primary usage in the Hebrew Bible is for the grape itself.

Semantic Range

grape (fruit), grapes (collective), cluster(s) of grapes, produce of the vine, symbol of fruitfulness

Root / Etymology

From the root עָנַב (ʿ-n-b), meaning 'to produce grapes' or 'to be fruitful.' However, the verbal root is virtually absent in biblical usage, so the etymology is inferred and not attested in preserved Hebrew texts. Cognate forms exist in other Semitic languages (e.g., Arabic ʿinab, 'grape'), indicating a stable ancient Semitic root for the concept of 'grape.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

עֵנָב appears chiefly in narratives and laws concerning agriculture, viticulture, and the produce of the land (e.g., Genesis 40:10–11; Numbers 6:3; Deuteronomy 23:24). It is distinguished from related terms like תִּירוֹשׁ (tîrôsh, 'new wine' or 'must') and יַיִן (yayin, 'wine'), which refer to processed grape products rather than the fruit itself. The noun can refer to both individual grapes and clusters, as in the famous episode of the reconnaissance of Canaan (Numbers 13:23). In later Old Testament books and post-biblical Hebrew, עֵנָב continues to have this specific botanical reference. English translations often render it as 'grape,' generally preserving the specific sense, but may obscure more nuanced references (e.g. collective usage or allusions to fruitfulness).

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from an unused root probably meaning to bear fruit; a grape; (ripe) grape, wine.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

ענב (ʿ-n-b) — to produce fruit, to bear grapes, to be fruitful

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H6024 עֲנָב Grape-town Anab
H6036 עָנוּב Fruit-Borne One

Word Forms

7 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6025-02 עֲנָבִֽים anavim HNcmpa grapes grapes 12
H6025-05 עִנְּבֵ֥י inevey HNcmpc grapes grapes of 2
H6025-06 כַּ/עֲנָבִ֣ים kaanavim HR/Ncmpa like grapes grapes 1
H6025-04 הָֽ/עֲנָבִ֗ים haanavim HTd/Ncmpa grapes the grapes 1
H6025-01 עֲנָבֵ֨/מוֹ֙ anavemo HNcmpc/Sp3mp their grapes their grapes 1
H6025-03 עֵנָ֖ב enav HNcmsa grapes grape 1
H6025-07 וַ/עֲנָבִ֛ים vaanavim HC/Ncmpa grapes grapes 1

Occurrences in Scripture

19 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6025-02 Genesis 40:10 עֲנָבִֽים anavim HNcmpa grapes grapes
H6025-04 Genesis 40:11 הָֽ/עֲנָבִ֗ים haanavim HTd/Ncmpa grapes the grapes
H6025-02 Genesis 49:11 עֲנָבִ֖ים anavim HNcmpa grapes grapes
H6025-05 Leviticus 25:5 עִנְּבֵ֥י inevey HNcmpc grapes grapes of
H6025-02 Numbers 6:3 עֲנָבִים֙ anavim HNcmpa of grapes grapes
H6025-07 Numbers 6:3 וַ/עֲנָבִ֛ים vaanavim HC/Ncmpa grapes grapes
H6025-02 Numbers 13:20 עֲנָבִֽים anavim HNcmpa grapes grapes
H6025-02 Numbers 13:23 עֲנָבִים֙ anavim HNcmpa of grapes grapes
H6025-02 Deuteronomy 23:25 עֲנָבִ֛ים anavim HNcmpa grapes grapes
H6025-03 Deuteronomy 32:14 עֵנָ֖ב enav HNcmsa grapes grape
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