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עֳנִי

𐤏𐤍𐤉

ʻŏnîy

H6040 noun

SILEX Entry

Root ענה to afflict, to humble, to oppress, to respond

Definition

State or condition of affliction, poverty, or misery, particularly marked by suffering, distress, or social disadvantage. The term denotes both the external experiences of hardship and the internal experiences of distress or humiliation. It encompasses physical suffering (such as poverty, deprivation, or oppression) and emotional or psychological distress.

Semantic Range

affliction, misery, poverty, state of being afflicted, distress, oppression, suffering, humiliation

Root / Etymology

From the Hebrew root ענה (ʿnh), which in the piel means 'to afflict, oppress, humble.' עֳנִי (ʻŏnîy) is a noun formation denoting the state or condition resulting from being afflicted. The root focuses on causing hardship or bringing into subjection, but the noun emphasizes the resultant state of the person or group.

Historical & Contextual Notes

עֳנִי is frequently used in the Hebrew Bible to describe both material poverty and conditions of suffering or oppression, especially among marginalized or vulnerable groups in society. It is distinguished from related terms such as רֵעָב (rēʿāv, 'hunger') or אָבְיוֹן (ʾavyôn, 'the poor, needy'), by emphasizing affliction or distress rather than simply economic poverty. The word is often paired with similar terms for emphasis (e.g., עֳנִי וָרָע, 'affliction and evil'). In poetic or prophetic contexts, עֳנִי may carry both literal and metaphorical senses, including humility before the divine. English translations often render it as 'affliction,' 'misery,' or 'poverty,' but the Hebrew term carries a broader and deeper sense of suffering or humiliation, especially as experienced by the vulnerable. In late biblical and post-biblical texts, the term develops a more spiritualized sense, with the afflicted portrayed as especially close to the divine or objects of divine concern.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from עָנָה; depression, i.e. misery; afflicted(-ion), trouble.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

ענה (ʿ-n-h) — to afflict, to humble, to oppress, to respond

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1042 בֵּית עֲנוֹת answering of
H1195 בַּעֲנָא Son of Affliction
H1196 בַּעֲנָה In Affliction
H2057 וַנְיָה Yah Answers
H3283 יָעֵן ostriches

Word Forms

11 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6040-09 עֳנִ֥י oni HNcmsc affliction afflicted state 12
H6040-05 עָנְיִ֞/י aneyi HNcmsc/Sp1cs my affliction my affliction 9
H6040-08 מֵ/עֳנִ֣י meoni HR/Ncmsc because of affliction from affliction 4
H6040-10 בְ/עָנְיִ֑/י veaneyi HR/Ncmsc/Sp1cs in my affliction in my affliction 3
H6040-04 עָנְיֵ֛/נוּ aneyenu HNcmsc/Sp1cp our affliction our affliction 2
H6040-07 בְּ/עָנְיִ֔/י beaneyi HR/Ncmsc/Sp1cs my affliction in my affliction 1
H6040-02 עָנְיָ֔/ם aneyam HNcmsc/Sp3mp their affliction their affliction 1
H6040-06 בָּ/עֳנִ֣י baoni HR/Ncmsc in the affliction in affliction-of 1
H6040-03 עָנְיֵֽ/ךְ aneyekhe HNcmsc/Sp2fs your affliction your affliction 1
H6040-01 עָנְיָ/הּ֙ aneyah HNcmsc/Sp3fs her affliction her affliction 1

Occurrences in Scripture

36 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6040-03 Genesis 16:11 עָנְיֵֽ/ךְ aneyekhe HNcmsc/Sp2fs your affliction your affliction
H6040-07 Genesis 29:32 בְּ/עָנְיִ֔/י beaneyi HR/Ncmsc/Sp1cs my affliction in my affliction
H6040-05 Genesis 31:42 עָנְיִ֞/י aneyi HNcmsc/Sp1cs my affliction my affliction
H6040-05 Genesis 41:52 עָנְיִֽ/י aneyi HNcmsc/Sp1cs of my affliction my affliction
H6040-09 Exodus 3:7 עֳנִ֥י oni HNcmsc the affliction of afflicted state
H6040-08 Exodus 3:17 מֵ/עֳנִ֣י meoni HR/Ncmsc out of the affliction of from affliction
H6040-02 Exodus 4:31 עָנְיָ֔/ם aneyam HNcmsc/Sp3mp their affliction their affliction
H6040-09 Deuteronomy 16:3 עֹ֑נִי oni HNcmsa of affliction afflicted state
H6040-04 Deuteronomy 26:7 עָנְיֵ֛/נוּ aneyenu HNcmsc/Sp1cp misery our affliction
H6040-06 1 Samuel 1:11 בָּ/עֳנִ֣י baoni HR/Ncmsc in the affliction in affliction-of
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